Cargando…
Influence of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles and Char Forming Agent Polymer on Flame Retardancy of Intumescent Flame Retardant Coatings
Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) were synthesized by a precipitation method, and a new charring–foaming agent (CFA) N-ethanolamine triazine-piperazine, melamine polymer (ETPMP) was synthesized via nucleophilic substitution reaction by using cyanuric chloride, ethanolamine, piperazine, and melamine...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2019
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7022803/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31878012 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano10010042 |
_version_ | 1783498101320843264 |
---|---|
author | Nageswara Rao, Tentu Naidu, T. Manohra Kim, Min Soo Parvatamma, Botsa Prashanthi, Y. Heun Koo, Bon |
author_facet | Nageswara Rao, Tentu Naidu, T. Manohra Kim, Min Soo Parvatamma, Botsa Prashanthi, Y. Heun Koo, Bon |
author_sort | Nageswara Rao, Tentu |
collection | PubMed |
description | Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) were synthesized by a precipitation method, and a new charring–foaming agent (CFA) N-ethanolamine triazine-piperazine, melamine polymer (ETPMP) was synthesized via nucleophilic substitution reaction by using cyanuric chloride, ethanolamine, piperazine, and melamine as precursor molecules. FTIR and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) studies were employed to characterize and confirm the synthesized ETPMP structure. New intumescent flame retardant epoxy coating compositions were prepared by adding ammonium polyphosphate (APP), ETPMP, and ZnO NPs into an epoxy resin. APP and ETPMP were fixed in a 2:1 w/w ratio and used as an intumescent flame-retardant (IFR) system. ZnO NPs were loaded as a synergistic agent in different amounts into the IFR coating system. The synergistic effects of ZnO NPs on IFR coatings were systematically evaluated by limited oxygen index (LOI) tests, vertical burning tests (UL-94 V), TGA, cone calorimeter tests, and SEM. The obtained results revealed that a small amount of ZnO NPs significantly increased the LOI values of the IFR coating and these coatings had a V-0 ratings in UL-94 V tests. From the TGA data, it is clear that the addition of ZnO NPs could change the thermal degradation behaviors of coatings with increasing char residue percentage at high temperatures. Cone calorimeter data reported that ZnO NPs could decrease the combustion parameters including peak heat release rates (PHRRs), and total heat release (THR) rates. The SEM results showed that ZnO NPs could enhance the strength and the compactness of the intumescent char, which restricted the flow of heat and oxygen. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7022803 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-70228032020-03-11 Influence of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles and Char Forming Agent Polymer on Flame Retardancy of Intumescent Flame Retardant Coatings Nageswara Rao, Tentu Naidu, T. Manohra Kim, Min Soo Parvatamma, Botsa Prashanthi, Y. Heun Koo, Bon Nanomaterials (Basel) Article Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) were synthesized by a precipitation method, and a new charring–foaming agent (CFA) N-ethanolamine triazine-piperazine, melamine polymer (ETPMP) was synthesized via nucleophilic substitution reaction by using cyanuric chloride, ethanolamine, piperazine, and melamine as precursor molecules. FTIR and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) studies were employed to characterize and confirm the synthesized ETPMP structure. New intumescent flame retardant epoxy coating compositions were prepared by adding ammonium polyphosphate (APP), ETPMP, and ZnO NPs into an epoxy resin. APP and ETPMP were fixed in a 2:1 w/w ratio and used as an intumescent flame-retardant (IFR) system. ZnO NPs were loaded as a synergistic agent in different amounts into the IFR coating system. The synergistic effects of ZnO NPs on IFR coatings were systematically evaluated by limited oxygen index (LOI) tests, vertical burning tests (UL-94 V), TGA, cone calorimeter tests, and SEM. The obtained results revealed that a small amount of ZnO NPs significantly increased the LOI values of the IFR coating and these coatings had a V-0 ratings in UL-94 V tests. From the TGA data, it is clear that the addition of ZnO NPs could change the thermal degradation behaviors of coatings with increasing char residue percentage at high temperatures. Cone calorimeter data reported that ZnO NPs could decrease the combustion parameters including peak heat release rates (PHRRs), and total heat release (THR) rates. The SEM results showed that ZnO NPs could enhance the strength and the compactness of the intumescent char, which restricted the flow of heat and oxygen. MDPI 2019-12-23 /pmc/articles/PMC7022803/ /pubmed/31878012 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano10010042 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Nageswara Rao, Tentu Naidu, T. Manohra Kim, Min Soo Parvatamma, Botsa Prashanthi, Y. Heun Koo, Bon Influence of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles and Char Forming Agent Polymer on Flame Retardancy of Intumescent Flame Retardant Coatings |
title | Influence of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles and Char Forming Agent Polymer on Flame Retardancy of Intumescent Flame Retardant Coatings |
title_full | Influence of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles and Char Forming Agent Polymer on Flame Retardancy of Intumescent Flame Retardant Coatings |
title_fullStr | Influence of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles and Char Forming Agent Polymer on Flame Retardancy of Intumescent Flame Retardant Coatings |
title_full_unstemmed | Influence of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles and Char Forming Agent Polymer on Flame Retardancy of Intumescent Flame Retardant Coatings |
title_short | Influence of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles and Char Forming Agent Polymer on Flame Retardancy of Intumescent Flame Retardant Coatings |
title_sort | influence of zinc oxide nanoparticles and char forming agent polymer on flame retardancy of intumescent flame retardant coatings |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7022803/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31878012 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano10010042 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT nageswararaotentu influenceofzincoxidenanoparticlesandcharformingagentpolymeronflameretardancyofintumescentflameretardantcoatings AT naidutmanohra influenceofzincoxidenanoparticlesandcharformingagentpolymeronflameretardancyofintumescentflameretardantcoatings AT kimminsoo influenceofzincoxidenanoparticlesandcharformingagentpolymeronflameretardancyofintumescentflameretardantcoatings AT parvatammabotsa influenceofzincoxidenanoparticlesandcharformingagentpolymeronflameretardancyofintumescentflameretardantcoatings AT prashanthiy influenceofzincoxidenanoparticlesandcharformingagentpolymeronflameretardancyofintumescentflameretardantcoatings AT heunkoobon influenceofzincoxidenanoparticlesandcharformingagentpolymeronflameretardancyofintumescentflameretardantcoatings |