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Taking the ‘I’ out of LLINs: using insecticides in vector control tools other than long-lasting nets to fight malaria
Long-lasting insecticidal nets, or LLINs, have significantly reduced malaria morbidity and mortality over the past two decades. The net provides a physical barrier that decreases human-mosquito contact and the impregnated insecticide kills susceptible mosquito vectors upon contact and may repel them...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7023706/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32059675 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12936-020-3151-x |
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author | Paaijmans, Krijn P. Huijben, Silvie |
author_facet | Paaijmans, Krijn P. Huijben, Silvie |
author_sort | Paaijmans, Krijn P. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Long-lasting insecticidal nets, or LLINs, have significantly reduced malaria morbidity and mortality over the past two decades. The net provides a physical barrier that decreases human-mosquito contact and the impregnated insecticide kills susceptible mosquito vectors upon contact and may repel them. However, the future of LLINs is threatened as resistance to pyrethroids is now widespread, the chemical arsenal for LLINs is very limited, time from discovery of next-generation insecticides to market is long, and persistent transmission is frequently caused by vector populations avoiding contact with LLINs. Here we ask the question whether, given these challenges, insecticides should be incorporated in nets at all. We argue that developing long-lasting nets without insecticide(s) can still reduce vector populations and provide both personal and community protection, if combined with other approaches or technologies. Taking the insecticide out of the equation (i) allows for a faster response to the current pyrethroid resistance crisis, (ii) avoids an LLIN-treadmill aimed at replacing failing bed nets due to insecticide resistance, and (iii) permits the utilization of our current and future insecticidal arsenal for other vector control tools to target persistent malaria transmission. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7023706 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-70237062020-02-20 Taking the ‘I’ out of LLINs: using insecticides in vector control tools other than long-lasting nets to fight malaria Paaijmans, Krijn P. Huijben, Silvie Malar J Opinion Long-lasting insecticidal nets, or LLINs, have significantly reduced malaria morbidity and mortality over the past two decades. The net provides a physical barrier that decreases human-mosquito contact and the impregnated insecticide kills susceptible mosquito vectors upon contact and may repel them. However, the future of LLINs is threatened as resistance to pyrethroids is now widespread, the chemical arsenal for LLINs is very limited, time from discovery of next-generation insecticides to market is long, and persistent transmission is frequently caused by vector populations avoiding contact with LLINs. Here we ask the question whether, given these challenges, insecticides should be incorporated in nets at all. We argue that developing long-lasting nets without insecticide(s) can still reduce vector populations and provide both personal and community protection, if combined with other approaches or technologies. Taking the insecticide out of the equation (i) allows for a faster response to the current pyrethroid resistance crisis, (ii) avoids an LLIN-treadmill aimed at replacing failing bed nets due to insecticide resistance, and (iii) permits the utilization of our current and future insecticidal arsenal for other vector control tools to target persistent malaria transmission. BioMed Central 2020-02-14 /pmc/articles/PMC7023706/ /pubmed/32059675 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12936-020-3151-x Text en © The Author(s) 2020 Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data. |
spellingShingle | Opinion Paaijmans, Krijn P. Huijben, Silvie Taking the ‘I’ out of LLINs: using insecticides in vector control tools other than long-lasting nets to fight malaria |
title | Taking the ‘I’ out of LLINs: using insecticides in vector control tools other than long-lasting nets to fight malaria |
title_full | Taking the ‘I’ out of LLINs: using insecticides in vector control tools other than long-lasting nets to fight malaria |
title_fullStr | Taking the ‘I’ out of LLINs: using insecticides in vector control tools other than long-lasting nets to fight malaria |
title_full_unstemmed | Taking the ‘I’ out of LLINs: using insecticides in vector control tools other than long-lasting nets to fight malaria |
title_short | Taking the ‘I’ out of LLINs: using insecticides in vector control tools other than long-lasting nets to fight malaria |
title_sort | taking the ‘i’ out of llins: using insecticides in vector control tools other than long-lasting nets to fight malaria |
topic | Opinion |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7023706/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32059675 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12936-020-3151-x |
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