Cargando…
Distribution Patterns for Bioactive Constituents in Pericarp, Stalk and Seed of Forsythiae Fructus
Forsythiae Fructus (FF) is a widely used folk medicine in China, Japan, and Korea. The distribution of bioactive constituents throughout the fruit segments has rarely been addressed, although mounting evidence suggests that plant secondary metabolites are synthesized and distributed regularly. The p...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2020
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7024327/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31947701 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25020340 |
_version_ | 1783498409815048192 |
---|---|
author | Wei, Lifang Mei, Yuqi Zou, Lisi Chen, Jiali Tan, Mengxia Wang, Chengcheng Cai, Zhichen Lin, Liqun Chai, Chuan Yin, Shengxin Liu, Xunhong |
author_facet | Wei, Lifang Mei, Yuqi Zou, Lisi Chen, Jiali Tan, Mengxia Wang, Chengcheng Cai, Zhichen Lin, Liqun Chai, Chuan Yin, Shengxin Liu, Xunhong |
author_sort | Wei, Lifang |
collection | PubMed |
description | Forsythiae Fructus (FF) is a widely used folk medicine in China, Japan, and Korea. The distribution of bioactive constituents throughout the fruit segments has rarely been addressed, although mounting evidence suggests that plant secondary metabolites are synthesized and distributed regularly. The phytochemical profiles of three segments of FF (pericarp, stalk and seed) were firstly revealed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)-based quantitative analysis of twenty-one bioactive constituents, including three phenylethanoid glycosides, five lignans, eight flavonoids, and five phenolic acids to explore the spatial distribution of bioactive constituents. Furthermore, the hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA) and one-way analysis of variance (one-way ANOVA) were conducted to visualize and verify the distribution regularity of twenty-one analytes among three segments. The results showed that phytochemical profiles of the three segments were similar, i.e., phenylethanoid glycosides covering the most part were the predominant compounds, followed by lignans, flavonoids and phenolic acids. Nevertheless, the abundance of twenty-one bioactive constituents among three segments was different. Specifically, phenylethanoid glycosides were highly expressed in the seed; lignans were primarily enriched in the stalk; flavonoids were largely concentrated in the pericarp, while the contents of phenolic acids showed no much difference among various segments. The research improves our understanding of distribution patterns for bioactive constituents in FF, and also complements some scientific data for further exploring the quality formation mechanism of FF. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7024327 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-70243272020-03-11 Distribution Patterns for Bioactive Constituents in Pericarp, Stalk and Seed of Forsythiae Fructus Wei, Lifang Mei, Yuqi Zou, Lisi Chen, Jiali Tan, Mengxia Wang, Chengcheng Cai, Zhichen Lin, Liqun Chai, Chuan Yin, Shengxin Liu, Xunhong Molecules Article Forsythiae Fructus (FF) is a widely used folk medicine in China, Japan, and Korea. The distribution of bioactive constituents throughout the fruit segments has rarely been addressed, although mounting evidence suggests that plant secondary metabolites are synthesized and distributed regularly. The phytochemical profiles of three segments of FF (pericarp, stalk and seed) were firstly revealed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)-based quantitative analysis of twenty-one bioactive constituents, including three phenylethanoid glycosides, five lignans, eight flavonoids, and five phenolic acids to explore the spatial distribution of bioactive constituents. Furthermore, the hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA) and one-way analysis of variance (one-way ANOVA) were conducted to visualize and verify the distribution regularity of twenty-one analytes among three segments. The results showed that phytochemical profiles of the three segments were similar, i.e., phenylethanoid glycosides covering the most part were the predominant compounds, followed by lignans, flavonoids and phenolic acids. Nevertheless, the abundance of twenty-one bioactive constituents among three segments was different. Specifically, phenylethanoid glycosides were highly expressed in the seed; lignans were primarily enriched in the stalk; flavonoids were largely concentrated in the pericarp, while the contents of phenolic acids showed no much difference among various segments. The research improves our understanding of distribution patterns for bioactive constituents in FF, and also complements some scientific data for further exploring the quality formation mechanism of FF. MDPI 2020-01-14 /pmc/articles/PMC7024327/ /pubmed/31947701 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25020340 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Wei, Lifang Mei, Yuqi Zou, Lisi Chen, Jiali Tan, Mengxia Wang, Chengcheng Cai, Zhichen Lin, Liqun Chai, Chuan Yin, Shengxin Liu, Xunhong Distribution Patterns for Bioactive Constituents in Pericarp, Stalk and Seed of Forsythiae Fructus |
title | Distribution Patterns for Bioactive Constituents in Pericarp, Stalk and Seed of Forsythiae Fructus |
title_full | Distribution Patterns for Bioactive Constituents in Pericarp, Stalk and Seed of Forsythiae Fructus |
title_fullStr | Distribution Patterns for Bioactive Constituents in Pericarp, Stalk and Seed of Forsythiae Fructus |
title_full_unstemmed | Distribution Patterns for Bioactive Constituents in Pericarp, Stalk and Seed of Forsythiae Fructus |
title_short | Distribution Patterns for Bioactive Constituents in Pericarp, Stalk and Seed of Forsythiae Fructus |
title_sort | distribution patterns for bioactive constituents in pericarp, stalk and seed of forsythiae fructus |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7024327/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31947701 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25020340 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT weilifang distributionpatternsforbioactiveconstituentsinpericarpstalkandseedofforsythiaefructus AT meiyuqi distributionpatternsforbioactiveconstituentsinpericarpstalkandseedofforsythiaefructus AT zoulisi distributionpatternsforbioactiveconstituentsinpericarpstalkandseedofforsythiaefructus AT chenjiali distributionpatternsforbioactiveconstituentsinpericarpstalkandseedofforsythiaefructus AT tanmengxia distributionpatternsforbioactiveconstituentsinpericarpstalkandseedofforsythiaefructus AT wangchengcheng distributionpatternsforbioactiveconstituentsinpericarpstalkandseedofforsythiaefructus AT caizhichen distributionpatternsforbioactiveconstituentsinpericarpstalkandseedofforsythiaefructus AT linliqun distributionpatternsforbioactiveconstituentsinpericarpstalkandseedofforsythiaefructus AT chaichuan distributionpatternsforbioactiveconstituentsinpericarpstalkandseedofforsythiaefructus AT yinshengxin distributionpatternsforbioactiveconstituentsinpericarpstalkandseedofforsythiaefructus AT liuxunhong distributionpatternsforbioactiveconstituentsinpericarpstalkandseedofforsythiaefructus |