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Androgen Receptor in Breast Cancer—Clinical and Preclinical Research Insights

The Androgen Receptor (AR) is emerging as an important factor in the pathogenesis of breast cancer (BC), which is the most common malignancy among females worldwide. The concordance of more than 70% of AR expression in primary and metastatic breast tumors implies that AR may be a new marker and a po...

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Autores principales: Anestis, Aristomenis, Zoi, Ilianna, Papavassiliou, Athanasios G., Karamouzis, Michalis V.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7024330/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31952272
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25020358
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author Anestis, Aristomenis
Zoi, Ilianna
Papavassiliou, Athanasios G.
Karamouzis, Michalis V.
author_facet Anestis, Aristomenis
Zoi, Ilianna
Papavassiliou, Athanasios G.
Karamouzis, Michalis V.
author_sort Anestis, Aristomenis
collection PubMed
description The Androgen Receptor (AR) is emerging as an important factor in the pathogenesis of breast cancer (BC), which is the most common malignancy among females worldwide. The concordance of more than 70% of AR expression in primary and metastatic breast tumors implies that AR may be a new marker and a potential therapeutic target among AR-positive breast cancer patients. Biological insight into AR-positive breast cancer reveals that AR may cross-talk with several vital signaling pathways, including key molecules and receptors. AR exhibits different behavior depending on the breast cancer subtype. Preliminary clinical research using AR-targeted drugs, which have already been FDA-approved for prostate cancer (PC), has given promising results for AR-positive breast cancer patients. However, since the prognostic and predictive value of AR positivity remains uncertain, it is difficult to identify and stratify patients that would benefit from AR-targeted therapies. Herein, through a review of preclinical studies, clinical studies, and clinical trials, we summarize the biology of AR, its prognostic and predictive value, as well as its therapeutic implications by breast cancer molecular subtype.
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spelling pubmed-70243302020-03-11 Androgen Receptor in Breast Cancer—Clinical and Preclinical Research Insights Anestis, Aristomenis Zoi, Ilianna Papavassiliou, Athanasios G. Karamouzis, Michalis V. Molecules Review The Androgen Receptor (AR) is emerging as an important factor in the pathogenesis of breast cancer (BC), which is the most common malignancy among females worldwide. The concordance of more than 70% of AR expression in primary and metastatic breast tumors implies that AR may be a new marker and a potential therapeutic target among AR-positive breast cancer patients. Biological insight into AR-positive breast cancer reveals that AR may cross-talk with several vital signaling pathways, including key molecules and receptors. AR exhibits different behavior depending on the breast cancer subtype. Preliminary clinical research using AR-targeted drugs, which have already been FDA-approved for prostate cancer (PC), has given promising results for AR-positive breast cancer patients. However, since the prognostic and predictive value of AR positivity remains uncertain, it is difficult to identify and stratify patients that would benefit from AR-targeted therapies. Herein, through a review of preclinical studies, clinical studies, and clinical trials, we summarize the biology of AR, its prognostic and predictive value, as well as its therapeutic implications by breast cancer molecular subtype. MDPI 2020-01-15 /pmc/articles/PMC7024330/ /pubmed/31952272 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25020358 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Anestis, Aristomenis
Zoi, Ilianna
Papavassiliou, Athanasios G.
Karamouzis, Michalis V.
Androgen Receptor in Breast Cancer—Clinical and Preclinical Research Insights
title Androgen Receptor in Breast Cancer—Clinical and Preclinical Research Insights
title_full Androgen Receptor in Breast Cancer—Clinical and Preclinical Research Insights
title_fullStr Androgen Receptor in Breast Cancer—Clinical and Preclinical Research Insights
title_full_unstemmed Androgen Receptor in Breast Cancer—Clinical and Preclinical Research Insights
title_short Androgen Receptor in Breast Cancer—Clinical and Preclinical Research Insights
title_sort androgen receptor in breast cancer—clinical and preclinical research insights
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7024330/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31952272
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25020358
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