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Extracellular Matrix in the Tumor Microenvironment and Its Impact on Cancer Therapy

Solid tumors are complex organ-like structures that consist not only of tumor cells but also of vasculature, extracellular matrix (ECM), stromal, and immune cells. Often, this tumor microenvironment (TME) comprises the larger part of the overall tumor mass. Like the other components of the TME, the...

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Autores principales: Henke, Erik, Nandigama, Rajender, Ergün, Süleyman
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7025524/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32118030
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmolb.2019.00160
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author Henke, Erik
Nandigama, Rajender
Ergün, Süleyman
author_facet Henke, Erik
Nandigama, Rajender
Ergün, Süleyman
author_sort Henke, Erik
collection PubMed
description Solid tumors are complex organ-like structures that consist not only of tumor cells but also of vasculature, extracellular matrix (ECM), stromal, and immune cells. Often, this tumor microenvironment (TME) comprises the larger part of the overall tumor mass. Like the other components of the TME, the ECM in solid tumors differs significantly from that in normal organs. Intratumoral signaling, transport mechanisms, metabolisms, oxygenation, and immunogenicity are strongly affected if not controlled by the ECM. Exerting this regulatory control, the ECM does not only influence malignancy and growth of the tumor but also its response toward therapy. Understanding the particularities of the ECM in solid tumor is necessary to develop approaches to interfere with its negative effect. In this review, we will also highlight the current understanding of the physical, cellular, and molecular mechanisms by which the pathological tumor ECM affects the efficiency of radio-, chemo-, and immunotherapy. Finally, we will discuss the various strategies to target and modify the tumor ECM and how they could be utilized to improve response to therapy.
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spelling pubmed-70255242020-02-28 Extracellular Matrix in the Tumor Microenvironment and Its Impact on Cancer Therapy Henke, Erik Nandigama, Rajender Ergün, Süleyman Front Mol Biosci Molecular Biosciences Solid tumors are complex organ-like structures that consist not only of tumor cells but also of vasculature, extracellular matrix (ECM), stromal, and immune cells. Often, this tumor microenvironment (TME) comprises the larger part of the overall tumor mass. Like the other components of the TME, the ECM in solid tumors differs significantly from that in normal organs. Intratumoral signaling, transport mechanisms, metabolisms, oxygenation, and immunogenicity are strongly affected if not controlled by the ECM. Exerting this regulatory control, the ECM does not only influence malignancy and growth of the tumor but also its response toward therapy. Understanding the particularities of the ECM in solid tumor is necessary to develop approaches to interfere with its negative effect. In this review, we will also highlight the current understanding of the physical, cellular, and molecular mechanisms by which the pathological tumor ECM affects the efficiency of radio-, chemo-, and immunotherapy. Finally, we will discuss the various strategies to target and modify the tumor ECM and how they could be utilized to improve response to therapy. Frontiers Media S.A. 2020-01-31 /pmc/articles/PMC7025524/ /pubmed/32118030 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmolb.2019.00160 Text en Copyright © 2020 Henke, Nandigama and Ergün. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Molecular Biosciences
Henke, Erik
Nandigama, Rajender
Ergün, Süleyman
Extracellular Matrix in the Tumor Microenvironment and Its Impact on Cancer Therapy
title Extracellular Matrix in the Tumor Microenvironment and Its Impact on Cancer Therapy
title_full Extracellular Matrix in the Tumor Microenvironment and Its Impact on Cancer Therapy
title_fullStr Extracellular Matrix in the Tumor Microenvironment and Its Impact on Cancer Therapy
title_full_unstemmed Extracellular Matrix in the Tumor Microenvironment and Its Impact on Cancer Therapy
title_short Extracellular Matrix in the Tumor Microenvironment and Its Impact on Cancer Therapy
title_sort extracellular matrix in the tumor microenvironment and its impact on cancer therapy
topic Molecular Biosciences
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7025524/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32118030
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmolb.2019.00160
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