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Repellency to Stomoxys calcitrans (Diptera: Muscidae) of Plant Essential Oils Alone or in Combination With Calophyllum inophyllum Nut Oil
The repellency to female Stomoxys calcitrans (L.) (Diptera: Muscidae) of 21 essential oils (EOs) alone or in combination with Calophyllum inophyllum L. (Clusiaceae) nut oil (tamanu oil) was examined using an exposed human hand bioassay. Results were compared with those of commonly used repellent N,N...
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Entomological Society of America
2010
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7027261/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20695272 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jmedent/47.4.575 |
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author | Hieu, Tran Trung Kim, Soon-Il Lee, Sang-Guei Ahn, Young-Joon |
author_facet | Hieu, Tran Trung Kim, Soon-Il Lee, Sang-Guei Ahn, Young-Joon |
author_sort | Hieu, Tran Trung |
collection | PubMed |
description | The repellency to female Stomoxys calcitrans (L.) (Diptera: Muscidae) of 21 essential oils (EOs) alone or in combination with Calophyllum inophyllum L. (Clusiaceae) nut oil (tamanu oil) was examined using an exposed human hand bioassay. Results were compared with those of commonly used repellent N,N-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide (DEET). In tests with six human male volunteers at a dose of 0.5 mg/cm(2), patchouli (protection time [PT], 3.67 h) was the most effective EO but less active than DEET (4.47 h), as judged by the PT to first bite. Very strong repellency also was produced by clove bud, lovage root, and clove leaf EOs (PT, 3.50–3.25 h), whereas strong repellency was obtained from thyme white EO (2.12 h). Thyme red, oregano, and geranium EOs exhibited moderate repellency (PT, 1.24–1.11 h). At 0.25 mg/cm(2), protection time of clove bud, clove leaf, and lovage root EOs (PT, ≈1 h) was shorter than that of DEET (2.17 h). An increase in the protection time was produced by binary mixtures (PT, 2.68–2.04 h) of five EOs (clove bud, clove leaf, thyme white, patchouli, and savory) and tamanu oil (0.25:2.0 mg/cm(2)) compared with that of either the constituted essential oil or tamanu oil alone (PT, 0.56 h). The protection time of these binary mixtures was comparable with that of DEET. With the exception of savory EO, the other EOs, tamanu oil, and binary mixtures did not induce any adverse effects on the human volunteers at 0.5 mg/cm(2). Thus, binary mixtures of essential oils and tamanu oil described merit further study as potential repellents for protection from humans and domestic animals from biting and nuisance caused by S. calcitrans. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7027261 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2010 |
publisher | Entomological Society of America |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-70272612020-02-25 Repellency to Stomoxys calcitrans (Diptera: Muscidae) of Plant Essential Oils Alone or in Combination With Calophyllum inophyllum Nut Oil Hieu, Tran Trung Kim, Soon-Il Lee, Sang-Guei Ahn, Young-Joon J Med Entomol Article The repellency to female Stomoxys calcitrans (L.) (Diptera: Muscidae) of 21 essential oils (EOs) alone or in combination with Calophyllum inophyllum L. (Clusiaceae) nut oil (tamanu oil) was examined using an exposed human hand bioassay. Results were compared with those of commonly used repellent N,N-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide (DEET). In tests with six human male volunteers at a dose of 0.5 mg/cm(2), patchouli (protection time [PT], 3.67 h) was the most effective EO but less active than DEET (4.47 h), as judged by the PT to first bite. Very strong repellency also was produced by clove bud, lovage root, and clove leaf EOs (PT, 3.50–3.25 h), whereas strong repellency was obtained from thyme white EO (2.12 h). Thyme red, oregano, and geranium EOs exhibited moderate repellency (PT, 1.24–1.11 h). At 0.25 mg/cm(2), protection time of clove bud, clove leaf, and lovage root EOs (PT, ≈1 h) was shorter than that of DEET (2.17 h). An increase in the protection time was produced by binary mixtures (PT, 2.68–2.04 h) of five EOs (clove bud, clove leaf, thyme white, patchouli, and savory) and tamanu oil (0.25:2.0 mg/cm(2)) compared with that of either the constituted essential oil or tamanu oil alone (PT, 0.56 h). The protection time of these binary mixtures was comparable with that of DEET. With the exception of savory EO, the other EOs, tamanu oil, and binary mixtures did not induce any adverse effects on the human volunteers at 0.5 mg/cm(2). Thus, binary mixtures of essential oils and tamanu oil described merit further study as potential repellents for protection from humans and domestic animals from biting and nuisance caused by S. calcitrans. Entomological Society of America 2010-07 2010-07-01 /pmc/articles/PMC7027261/ /pubmed/20695272 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jmedent/47.4.575 Text en © 2010 Entomological Society of America http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/), which permits non-commercial reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oup.com |
spellingShingle | Article Hieu, Tran Trung Kim, Soon-Il Lee, Sang-Guei Ahn, Young-Joon Repellency to Stomoxys calcitrans (Diptera: Muscidae) of Plant Essential Oils Alone or in Combination With Calophyllum inophyllum Nut Oil |
title | Repellency to Stomoxys calcitrans (Diptera: Muscidae) of Plant Essential Oils Alone or in Combination With Calophyllum inophyllum Nut Oil |
title_full | Repellency to Stomoxys calcitrans (Diptera: Muscidae) of Plant Essential Oils Alone or in Combination With Calophyllum inophyllum Nut Oil |
title_fullStr | Repellency to Stomoxys calcitrans (Diptera: Muscidae) of Plant Essential Oils Alone or in Combination With Calophyllum inophyllum Nut Oil |
title_full_unstemmed | Repellency to Stomoxys calcitrans (Diptera: Muscidae) of Plant Essential Oils Alone or in Combination With Calophyllum inophyllum Nut Oil |
title_short | Repellency to Stomoxys calcitrans (Diptera: Muscidae) of Plant Essential Oils Alone or in Combination With Calophyllum inophyllum Nut Oil |
title_sort | repellency to stomoxys calcitrans (diptera: muscidae) of plant essential oils alone or in combination with calophyllum inophyllum nut oil |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7027261/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20695272 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jmedent/47.4.575 |
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