Factors associated with intrauterine contraceptive device use among women of reproductive age group in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: A case control study

BACKGROUND: Intrauterine Contraceptive Device (IUCD) is a highly effective and reversible modern contraceptive, which is still significantly underutilized in Ethiopia. The aim of this study was to identify factors affecting the use of IUCDs among women of reproductive age group in Addis Ababa. METHODS: Facility-based, unmatched case-control study was employed among randomly selected cases and controls in selected health centers in Addis Ababa from August to October 2017. The cases (n = 128) were women of reproductive age group who were IUCD users and controls (n = 256) were women of reproductive age group who were users of oral or injectable contraceptives during the study period. After randomly selecting two health center from each sub-city the number of cases and controls were equally allocated to each of the selected health centers. In each selected health center, all eligible cases were enrolled consecutively until the sample size was achieved. Two consecutive controls were selected for each case. Data was collected face-to-face by trained nurses by using structured questionnaire. Factors associated with IUCD use were identified by multi-variable binary logistic regression models using the backward conditional stepwise method. RESULTS: In the multi-variable analysis, IUCD use was strongly associated with husbands/partners being supportive of IUCD use (Adjusted OR = 13.24, 95% CI; 5.30–33.02), being literate women (Adjusted OR = 5.31, 95% CI; 1.05–26.93), women having a perception of IUCD does not cause infection (Adjusted OR = 4.38, 95% CI; 1.45–13.26) and the source of information about IUCD being mass-media (Adjusted OR = 3.81, 95% CI; 1.49–9.74). CONCLUSIONS: The findings of the study reinforce the need of husbands/partners involvement in the interventions to enhance utilization of IUCD. Moreover, due attention should also be provided for delivering IUCD-related messages in the public mass-media.