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A Hierarchical Watershed Model of Fluid Intelligence in Childhood and Adolescence

Fluid intelligence is the capacity to solve novel problems in the absence of task-specific knowledge and is highly predictive of outcomes like educational attainment and psychopathology. Here, we modeled the neurocognitive architecture of fluid intelligence in two cohorts: the Centre for Attention,...

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Autores principales: Fuhrmann, Delia, Simpson-Kent, Ivan L, Bathelt, Joe, Kievit, Rogier A
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Oxford University Press 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7029679/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31211362
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhz091
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author Fuhrmann, Delia
Simpson-Kent, Ivan L
Bathelt, Joe
Kievit, Rogier A
author_facet Fuhrmann, Delia
Simpson-Kent, Ivan L
Bathelt, Joe
Kievit, Rogier A
author_sort Fuhrmann, Delia
collection PubMed
description Fluid intelligence is the capacity to solve novel problems in the absence of task-specific knowledge and is highly predictive of outcomes like educational attainment and psychopathology. Here, we modeled the neurocognitive architecture of fluid intelligence in two cohorts: the Centre for Attention, Leaning and Memory sample (CALM) (N = 551, aged 5–17 years) and the Enhanced Nathan Kline Institute—Rockland Sample (NKI-RS) (N = 335, aged 6–17 years). We used multivariate structural equation modeling to test a preregistered watershed model of fluid intelligence. This model predicts that white matter contributes to intermediate cognitive phenotypes, like working memory and processing speed, which, in turn, contribute to fluid intelligence. We found that this model performed well for both samples and explained large amounts of variance in fluid intelligence (R(2)(CALM) = 51.2%, R(2)(NKI-RS )= 78.3%). The relationship between cognitive abilities and white matter differed with age, showing a dip in strength around ages 7–12 years. This age effect may reflect a reorganization of the neurocognitive architecture around pre- and early puberty. Overall, these findings highlight that intelligence is part of a complex hierarchical system of partially independent effects.
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spelling pubmed-70296792020-02-20 A Hierarchical Watershed Model of Fluid Intelligence in Childhood and Adolescence Fuhrmann, Delia Simpson-Kent, Ivan L Bathelt, Joe Kievit, Rogier A Cereb Cortex Original Article Fluid intelligence is the capacity to solve novel problems in the absence of task-specific knowledge and is highly predictive of outcomes like educational attainment and psychopathology. Here, we modeled the neurocognitive architecture of fluid intelligence in two cohorts: the Centre for Attention, Leaning and Memory sample (CALM) (N = 551, aged 5–17 years) and the Enhanced Nathan Kline Institute—Rockland Sample (NKI-RS) (N = 335, aged 6–17 years). We used multivariate structural equation modeling to test a preregistered watershed model of fluid intelligence. This model predicts that white matter contributes to intermediate cognitive phenotypes, like working memory and processing speed, which, in turn, contribute to fluid intelligence. We found that this model performed well for both samples and explained large amounts of variance in fluid intelligence (R(2)(CALM) = 51.2%, R(2)(NKI-RS )= 78.3%). The relationship between cognitive abilities and white matter differed with age, showing a dip in strength around ages 7–12 years. This age effect may reflect a reorganization of the neurocognitive architecture around pre- and early puberty. Overall, these findings highlight that intelligence is part of a complex hierarchical system of partially independent effects. Oxford University Press 2020-01 2019-06-18 /pmc/articles/PMC7029679/ /pubmed/31211362 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhz091 Text en © The Author(s) 2019. Published by Oxford University Press. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Original Article
Fuhrmann, Delia
Simpson-Kent, Ivan L
Bathelt, Joe
Kievit, Rogier A
A Hierarchical Watershed Model of Fluid Intelligence in Childhood and Adolescence
title A Hierarchical Watershed Model of Fluid Intelligence in Childhood and Adolescence
title_full A Hierarchical Watershed Model of Fluid Intelligence in Childhood and Adolescence
title_fullStr A Hierarchical Watershed Model of Fluid Intelligence in Childhood and Adolescence
title_full_unstemmed A Hierarchical Watershed Model of Fluid Intelligence in Childhood and Adolescence
title_short A Hierarchical Watershed Model of Fluid Intelligence in Childhood and Adolescence
title_sort hierarchical watershed model of fluid intelligence in childhood and adolescence
topic Original Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7029679/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31211362
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhz091
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