Cargando…
Transdiagnostic Phenotyping Reveals a Host of Metacognitive Deficits Implicated in Compulsivity
Recent work suggests that obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) patients have a breakdown in the relationship between explicit beliefs (i.e. confidence about states) and updates to behaviour. The precise computations underlying this disconnection are unclear because case-control and transdiagnostic st...
Autores principales: | , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Nature Publishing Group UK
2020
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7031252/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32076008 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-59646-4 |
_version_ | 1783499337386426368 |
---|---|
author | Seow, Tricia X. F. Gillan, Claire M. |
author_facet | Seow, Tricia X. F. Gillan, Claire M. |
author_sort | Seow, Tricia X. F. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Recent work suggests that obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) patients have a breakdown in the relationship between explicit beliefs (i.e. confidence about states) and updates to behaviour. The precise computations underlying this disconnection are unclear because case-control and transdiagnostic studies yield conflicting results. Here, a large online population sample (N = 437) completed a predictive inference task previously studied in the context of OCD. We tested if confidence, and its relationship to action and environmental evidence, were specifically associated with self-reported OCD symptoms or common to an array of psychiatric phenomena. We then investigated if a transdiagnostic approach would reveal a stronger and more specific match between metacognitive deficits and clinical phenotypes. Consistent with prior case-control work, we found that decreases in action-confidence coupling were associated with OCD symptoms, but also 5/8 of the other clinical phenotypes tested (8/8 with no correction applied). This non-specific pattern was explained by a single transdiagnostic symptom dimension characterized by compulsivity that was linked to inflated confidence and several deficits in utilizing evidence to update confidence. These data highlight the importance of metacognitive deficits for our understanding of compulsivity and underscore how transdiagnostic methods may prove a more powerful alternative over studies examining single disorders. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7031252 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | Nature Publishing Group UK |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-70312522020-02-26 Transdiagnostic Phenotyping Reveals a Host of Metacognitive Deficits Implicated in Compulsivity Seow, Tricia X. F. Gillan, Claire M. Sci Rep Article Recent work suggests that obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) patients have a breakdown in the relationship between explicit beliefs (i.e. confidence about states) and updates to behaviour. The precise computations underlying this disconnection are unclear because case-control and transdiagnostic studies yield conflicting results. Here, a large online population sample (N = 437) completed a predictive inference task previously studied in the context of OCD. We tested if confidence, and its relationship to action and environmental evidence, were specifically associated with self-reported OCD symptoms or common to an array of psychiatric phenomena. We then investigated if a transdiagnostic approach would reveal a stronger and more specific match between metacognitive deficits and clinical phenotypes. Consistent with prior case-control work, we found that decreases in action-confidence coupling were associated with OCD symptoms, but also 5/8 of the other clinical phenotypes tested (8/8 with no correction applied). This non-specific pattern was explained by a single transdiagnostic symptom dimension characterized by compulsivity that was linked to inflated confidence and several deficits in utilizing evidence to update confidence. These data highlight the importance of metacognitive deficits for our understanding of compulsivity and underscore how transdiagnostic methods may prove a more powerful alternative over studies examining single disorders. Nature Publishing Group UK 2020-02-19 /pmc/articles/PMC7031252/ /pubmed/32076008 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-59646-4 Text en © The Author(s) 2020, corrected publication 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . |
spellingShingle | Article Seow, Tricia X. F. Gillan, Claire M. Transdiagnostic Phenotyping Reveals a Host of Metacognitive Deficits Implicated in Compulsivity |
title | Transdiagnostic Phenotyping Reveals a Host of Metacognitive Deficits Implicated in Compulsivity |
title_full | Transdiagnostic Phenotyping Reveals a Host of Metacognitive Deficits Implicated in Compulsivity |
title_fullStr | Transdiagnostic Phenotyping Reveals a Host of Metacognitive Deficits Implicated in Compulsivity |
title_full_unstemmed | Transdiagnostic Phenotyping Reveals a Host of Metacognitive Deficits Implicated in Compulsivity |
title_short | Transdiagnostic Phenotyping Reveals a Host of Metacognitive Deficits Implicated in Compulsivity |
title_sort | transdiagnostic phenotyping reveals a host of metacognitive deficits implicated in compulsivity |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7031252/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32076008 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-59646-4 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT seowtriciaxf transdiagnosticphenotypingrevealsahostofmetacognitivedeficitsimplicatedincompulsivity AT gillanclairem transdiagnosticphenotypingrevealsahostofmetacognitivedeficitsimplicatedincompulsivity |