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NK Cell-Based Immune Checkpoint Inhibition

Immunotherapy, with an increasing number of therapeutic dimensions, is becoming an important mode of treatment for cancer patients. The inhibition of immune checkpoints, which are the source of immune escape for various cancers, is one such immunotherapeutic dimension. It has mainly been aimed at T...

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Autores principales: Khan, Muhammad, Arooj, Sumbal, Wang, Hua
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7031489/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32117298
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2020.00167
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author Khan, Muhammad
Arooj, Sumbal
Wang, Hua
author_facet Khan, Muhammad
Arooj, Sumbal
Wang, Hua
author_sort Khan, Muhammad
collection PubMed
description Immunotherapy, with an increasing number of therapeutic dimensions, is becoming an important mode of treatment for cancer patients. The inhibition of immune checkpoints, which are the source of immune escape for various cancers, is one such immunotherapeutic dimension. It has mainly been aimed at T cells in the past, but NK cells are a newly emerging target. Simultaneously, the number of checkpoints identified has been increasing in recent times. In addition to the classical NK cell receptors KIRs, LIRs, and NKG2A, several other immune checkpoints have also been shown to cause dysfunction of NK cells in various cancers and chronic infections. These checkpoints include the revolutionized CTLA-4, PD-1, and recently identified B7-H3, as well as LAG-3, TIGIT & CD96, TIM-3, and the most recently acknowledged checkpoint-members of the Siglecs family (Siglec-7/9), CD200 and CD47. An interesting dimension of immune checkpoints is their candidacy for dual-checkpoint inhibition, resulting in therapeutic synergism. Furthermore, the combination of immune checkpoint inhibition with other NK cell cytotoxicity restoration strategies could also strengthen its efficacy as an antitumor therapy. Here, we have undertaken a comprehensive review of the literature to date regarding NK cell-based immune checkpoints.
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spelling pubmed-70314892020-02-28 NK Cell-Based Immune Checkpoint Inhibition Khan, Muhammad Arooj, Sumbal Wang, Hua Front Immunol Immunology Immunotherapy, with an increasing number of therapeutic dimensions, is becoming an important mode of treatment for cancer patients. The inhibition of immune checkpoints, which are the source of immune escape for various cancers, is one such immunotherapeutic dimension. It has mainly been aimed at T cells in the past, but NK cells are a newly emerging target. Simultaneously, the number of checkpoints identified has been increasing in recent times. In addition to the classical NK cell receptors KIRs, LIRs, and NKG2A, several other immune checkpoints have also been shown to cause dysfunction of NK cells in various cancers and chronic infections. These checkpoints include the revolutionized CTLA-4, PD-1, and recently identified B7-H3, as well as LAG-3, TIGIT & CD96, TIM-3, and the most recently acknowledged checkpoint-members of the Siglecs family (Siglec-7/9), CD200 and CD47. An interesting dimension of immune checkpoints is their candidacy for dual-checkpoint inhibition, resulting in therapeutic synergism. Furthermore, the combination of immune checkpoint inhibition with other NK cell cytotoxicity restoration strategies could also strengthen its efficacy as an antitumor therapy. Here, we have undertaken a comprehensive review of the literature to date regarding NK cell-based immune checkpoints. Frontiers Media S.A. 2020-02-13 /pmc/articles/PMC7031489/ /pubmed/32117298 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2020.00167 Text en Copyright © 2020 Khan, Arooj and Wang. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Immunology
Khan, Muhammad
Arooj, Sumbal
Wang, Hua
NK Cell-Based Immune Checkpoint Inhibition
title NK Cell-Based Immune Checkpoint Inhibition
title_full NK Cell-Based Immune Checkpoint Inhibition
title_fullStr NK Cell-Based Immune Checkpoint Inhibition
title_full_unstemmed NK Cell-Based Immune Checkpoint Inhibition
title_short NK Cell-Based Immune Checkpoint Inhibition
title_sort nk cell-based immune checkpoint inhibition
topic Immunology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7031489/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32117298
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2020.00167
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