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Fact or artefact? Childhood adversity and adulthood trauma in the U.S. population-based Health and Retirement Study
Background: Despite the well-known deleterious health effects of childhood adversity (CA) and adulthood trauma (AT) and ageing of the global population, little is known about self-reported CA and AT in older populations. Existing findings are mixed due to methodological and sampling artefacts, in pa...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Taylor & Francis
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7034429/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32128049 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/20008198.2020.1721146 |
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author | Bürgin, David Boonmann, Cyril Schmid, Marc Tripp, Paige O’Donovan, Aoife |
author_facet | Bürgin, David Boonmann, Cyril Schmid, Marc Tripp, Paige O’Donovan, Aoife |
author_sort | Bürgin, David |
collection | PubMed |
description | Background: Despite the well-known deleterious health effects of childhood adversity (CA) and adulthood trauma (AT) and ageing of the global population, little is known about self-reported CA and AT in older populations. Existing findings are mixed due to methodological and sampling artefacts, in particular, recall and selection biases, and due to age-period-cohort effects. Objectives: We aim to first, provide data on the prevalence of retrospective self-reported CA and AT in a large population-based sample of older adults and, second, to discuss the data in the context of major methodological and sampling artefacts, and age-period-cohort effects. Method: Data are derived from the U.S. population-based Health and Retirement Study (N = 19,547, mean age = 67.24 ± 11.33, 59% female). Seven birth-cohorts were included (<1924, 1924–1930, 1931–1941, 1942–1947, 1948–1953, 1954–1959, >1959). Results: Overall, 35% of participants reported CA and 62% AT, with strong variability among birth-cohorts. Opposing trends were observed regarding prevalence of CA and AT. As age of cohorts increased, prevalence of CAs decreased while that of ATs increased. Investigating the distributions of incidence of specific ATs across age and period per cohort revealed incidence of exposure was associated with (1) age (e.g. having lost a child), (2) time-period (e.g. major disaster), and (3) cohort (e.g. military combat). Conclusions: Retrospective self-reported CA and AT in older samples should be interpreted with caution and with regard to major methodological challenges, including recall and selection biases. Untangling fact from artefact and examining age, period, and cohort effects will help elucidate profiles of lifetime exposures in older populations. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7034429 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | Taylor & Francis |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-70344292020-03-03 Fact or artefact? Childhood adversity and adulthood trauma in the U.S. population-based Health and Retirement Study Bürgin, David Boonmann, Cyril Schmid, Marc Tripp, Paige O’Donovan, Aoife Eur J Psychotraumatol Basic Research Article Background: Despite the well-known deleterious health effects of childhood adversity (CA) and adulthood trauma (AT) and ageing of the global population, little is known about self-reported CA and AT in older populations. Existing findings are mixed due to methodological and sampling artefacts, in particular, recall and selection biases, and due to age-period-cohort effects. Objectives: We aim to first, provide data on the prevalence of retrospective self-reported CA and AT in a large population-based sample of older adults and, second, to discuss the data in the context of major methodological and sampling artefacts, and age-period-cohort effects. Method: Data are derived from the U.S. population-based Health and Retirement Study (N = 19,547, mean age = 67.24 ± 11.33, 59% female). Seven birth-cohorts were included (<1924, 1924–1930, 1931–1941, 1942–1947, 1948–1953, 1954–1959, >1959). Results: Overall, 35% of participants reported CA and 62% AT, with strong variability among birth-cohorts. Opposing trends were observed regarding prevalence of CA and AT. As age of cohorts increased, prevalence of CAs decreased while that of ATs increased. Investigating the distributions of incidence of specific ATs across age and period per cohort revealed incidence of exposure was associated with (1) age (e.g. having lost a child), (2) time-period (e.g. major disaster), and (3) cohort (e.g. military combat). Conclusions: Retrospective self-reported CA and AT in older samples should be interpreted with caution and with regard to major methodological challenges, including recall and selection biases. Untangling fact from artefact and examining age, period, and cohort effects will help elucidate profiles of lifetime exposures in older populations. Taylor & Francis 2020-02-14 /pmc/articles/PMC7034429/ /pubmed/32128049 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/20008198.2020.1721146 Text en © 2020 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) ), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Basic Research Article Bürgin, David Boonmann, Cyril Schmid, Marc Tripp, Paige O’Donovan, Aoife Fact or artefact? Childhood adversity and adulthood trauma in the U.S. population-based Health and Retirement Study |
title | Fact or artefact? Childhood adversity and adulthood trauma in the U.S. population-based Health and Retirement Study |
title_full | Fact or artefact? Childhood adversity and adulthood trauma in the U.S. population-based Health and Retirement Study |
title_fullStr | Fact or artefact? Childhood adversity and adulthood trauma in the U.S. population-based Health and Retirement Study |
title_full_unstemmed | Fact or artefact? Childhood adversity and adulthood trauma in the U.S. population-based Health and Retirement Study |
title_short | Fact or artefact? Childhood adversity and adulthood trauma in the U.S. population-based Health and Retirement Study |
title_sort | fact or artefact? childhood adversity and adulthood trauma in the u.s. population-based health and retirement study |
topic | Basic Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7034429/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32128049 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/20008198.2020.1721146 |
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