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Isolation and Immunological Detection of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis from HIV and Non-HIV Patients in Benue State, Nigeria

BACKGROUND: Immunological techniques are important tools for tuberculosis epidemiology; although its use is underutilized in Nigeria. In this study, we report the epidemiological outlook of Mycobacterium tuberculosis among HIV patients in Benue State, Nigeria. METHODS: Sputum samples were collected...

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Autores principales: Ejeh, Francis Enenche, Undiandeye, Ann, Okon, Kenneth, Kazeem, Haruna Moshud, Kudi, Ayuba Caleb
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Research and Publications Office of Jimma University 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7036454/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32116433
http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ejhs.v30i1.8
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author Ejeh, Francis Enenche
Undiandeye, Ann
Okon, Kenneth
Kazeem, Haruna Moshud
Kudi, Ayuba Caleb
author_facet Ejeh, Francis Enenche
Undiandeye, Ann
Okon, Kenneth
Kazeem, Haruna Moshud
Kudi, Ayuba Caleb
author_sort Ejeh, Francis Enenche
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Immunological techniques are important tools for tuberculosis epidemiology; although its use is underutilized in Nigeria. In this study, we report the epidemiological outlook of Mycobacterium tuberculosis among HIV patients in Benue State, Nigeria. METHODS: Sputum samples were collected from 425 suspected TB patients from July 2016 to February 2018 and subjected to acid-fast microscopy, GeneXpert MTB/RIF, processed using NALC-NaOH and cultured on Lowenstein-Jensen media. The isolates obtained were identified by SD-Bioline® assay. RESULTS: The prevalence of TB by acid-fast microscopy was 35(15.9%). The prevalence of TB by acid-fast bacilli was significantly (χ(2) = 8.458; P = 0.003) highest among the 15–34 years age group (22.0%) compared with other age groups. TB prevalence was significantly (χ(2) = 4.751; P = 0.029) higher among patients from rural areas than those from urban center (23.8% vs 14.1%). GeneXpert assay detected 64(15.1%) TB cases of which patients from rural areas had significantly (χ(2) = 8.104; P = 0.017) higher prevalence of TB than patients from urban areas (23.8% vs 12.9%). The overall rifampicin resistance TB was 3.1%. Also, patients from rural areas had significantly (χ(2) = 10.625; P = 0.005) higher rifampicin resistance compared with patient from urban areas (8.3% vs 1.3%). Of the 126(29.7%) mycobacterial isolates, 42(33.33%) were identified as MTBC and 84 (66.67%) as NTM by SD-Bioline® assay. CONCLUSIONS: The study revealed that Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection is still a major public health problem, with relatively high prevalence rate of rifampicin resistance among HIV positive patients. Further studies are needed for early detection and treatment intervention necessary for infection control.
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spelling pubmed-70364542020-02-28 Isolation and Immunological Detection of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis from HIV and Non-HIV Patients in Benue State, Nigeria Ejeh, Francis Enenche Undiandeye, Ann Okon, Kenneth Kazeem, Haruna Moshud Kudi, Ayuba Caleb Ethiop J Health Sci Original Article BACKGROUND: Immunological techniques are important tools for tuberculosis epidemiology; although its use is underutilized in Nigeria. In this study, we report the epidemiological outlook of Mycobacterium tuberculosis among HIV patients in Benue State, Nigeria. METHODS: Sputum samples were collected from 425 suspected TB patients from July 2016 to February 2018 and subjected to acid-fast microscopy, GeneXpert MTB/RIF, processed using NALC-NaOH and cultured on Lowenstein-Jensen media. The isolates obtained were identified by SD-Bioline® assay. RESULTS: The prevalence of TB by acid-fast microscopy was 35(15.9%). The prevalence of TB by acid-fast bacilli was significantly (χ(2) = 8.458; P = 0.003) highest among the 15–34 years age group (22.0%) compared with other age groups. TB prevalence was significantly (χ(2) = 4.751; P = 0.029) higher among patients from rural areas than those from urban center (23.8% vs 14.1%). GeneXpert assay detected 64(15.1%) TB cases of which patients from rural areas had significantly (χ(2) = 8.104; P = 0.017) higher prevalence of TB than patients from urban areas (23.8% vs 12.9%). The overall rifampicin resistance TB was 3.1%. Also, patients from rural areas had significantly (χ(2) = 10.625; P = 0.005) higher rifampicin resistance compared with patient from urban areas (8.3% vs 1.3%). Of the 126(29.7%) mycobacterial isolates, 42(33.33%) were identified as MTBC and 84 (66.67%) as NTM by SD-Bioline® assay. CONCLUSIONS: The study revealed that Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection is still a major public health problem, with relatively high prevalence rate of rifampicin resistance among HIV positive patients. Further studies are needed for early detection and treatment intervention necessary for infection control. Research and Publications Office of Jimma University 2020-01 /pmc/articles/PMC7036454/ /pubmed/32116433 http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ejhs.v30i1.8 Text en © 2020 Ejeh E. F, et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Original Article
Ejeh, Francis Enenche
Undiandeye, Ann
Okon, Kenneth
Kazeem, Haruna Moshud
Kudi, Ayuba Caleb
Isolation and Immunological Detection of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis from HIV and Non-HIV Patients in Benue State, Nigeria
title Isolation and Immunological Detection of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis from HIV and Non-HIV Patients in Benue State, Nigeria
title_full Isolation and Immunological Detection of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis from HIV and Non-HIV Patients in Benue State, Nigeria
title_fullStr Isolation and Immunological Detection of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis from HIV and Non-HIV Patients in Benue State, Nigeria
title_full_unstemmed Isolation and Immunological Detection of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis from HIV and Non-HIV Patients in Benue State, Nigeria
title_short Isolation and Immunological Detection of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis from HIV and Non-HIV Patients in Benue State, Nigeria
title_sort isolation and immunological detection of mycobacterium tuberculosis from hiv and non-hiv patients in benue state, nigeria
topic Original Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7036454/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32116433
http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ejhs.v30i1.8
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