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NOD-like Receptors in the Eye: Uncovering Its Role in Diabetic Retinopathy
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is an ocular complication of diabetes mellitus (DM). International Diabetic Federations (IDF) estimates up to 629 million people with DM by the year 2045 worldwide. Nearly 50% of DM patients will show evidence of diabetic-related eye problems. Therapeutic interventions for...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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MDPI
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7037099/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32019187 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21030899 |
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author | Lim, Rayne R. Wieser, Margaret E. Ganga, Rama R. Barathi, Veluchamy A. Lakshminarayanan, Rajamani Mohan, Rajiv R. Hainsworth, Dean P. Chaurasia, Shyam S. |
author_facet | Lim, Rayne R. Wieser, Margaret E. Ganga, Rama R. Barathi, Veluchamy A. Lakshminarayanan, Rajamani Mohan, Rajiv R. Hainsworth, Dean P. Chaurasia, Shyam S. |
author_sort | Lim, Rayne R. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is an ocular complication of diabetes mellitus (DM). International Diabetic Federations (IDF) estimates up to 629 million people with DM by the year 2045 worldwide. Nearly 50% of DM patients will show evidence of diabetic-related eye problems. Therapeutic interventions for DR are limited and mostly involve surgical intervention at the late-stages of the disease. The lack of early-stage diagnostic tools and therapies, especially in DR, demands a better understanding of the biological processes involved in the etiology of disease progression. The recent surge in literature associated with NOD-like receptors (NLRs) has gained massive attraction due to their involvement in mediating the innate immune response and perpetuating inflammatory pathways, a central phenomenon found in the pathogenesis of ocular diseases including DR. The NLR family of receptors are expressed in different eye tissues during pathological conditions suggesting their potential roles in dry eye, ocular infection, retinal ischemia, cataract, glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration (AMD), diabetic macular edema (DME) and DR. Our group is interested in studying the critical early components involved in the immune cell infiltration and inflammatory pathways involved in the progression of DR. Recently, we reported that NLRP3 inflammasome might play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of DR. This comprehensive review summarizes the findings of NLRs expression in the ocular tissues with special emphasis on its presence in the retinal microglia and DR pathogenesis. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7037099 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-70370992020-03-11 NOD-like Receptors in the Eye: Uncovering Its Role in Diabetic Retinopathy Lim, Rayne R. Wieser, Margaret E. Ganga, Rama R. Barathi, Veluchamy A. Lakshminarayanan, Rajamani Mohan, Rajiv R. Hainsworth, Dean P. Chaurasia, Shyam S. Int J Mol Sci Review Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is an ocular complication of diabetes mellitus (DM). International Diabetic Federations (IDF) estimates up to 629 million people with DM by the year 2045 worldwide. Nearly 50% of DM patients will show evidence of diabetic-related eye problems. Therapeutic interventions for DR are limited and mostly involve surgical intervention at the late-stages of the disease. The lack of early-stage diagnostic tools and therapies, especially in DR, demands a better understanding of the biological processes involved in the etiology of disease progression. The recent surge in literature associated with NOD-like receptors (NLRs) has gained massive attraction due to their involvement in mediating the innate immune response and perpetuating inflammatory pathways, a central phenomenon found in the pathogenesis of ocular diseases including DR. The NLR family of receptors are expressed in different eye tissues during pathological conditions suggesting their potential roles in dry eye, ocular infection, retinal ischemia, cataract, glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration (AMD), diabetic macular edema (DME) and DR. Our group is interested in studying the critical early components involved in the immune cell infiltration and inflammatory pathways involved in the progression of DR. Recently, we reported that NLRP3 inflammasome might play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of DR. This comprehensive review summarizes the findings of NLRs expression in the ocular tissues with special emphasis on its presence in the retinal microglia and DR pathogenesis. MDPI 2020-01-30 /pmc/articles/PMC7037099/ /pubmed/32019187 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21030899 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Lim, Rayne R. Wieser, Margaret E. Ganga, Rama R. Barathi, Veluchamy A. Lakshminarayanan, Rajamani Mohan, Rajiv R. Hainsworth, Dean P. Chaurasia, Shyam S. NOD-like Receptors in the Eye: Uncovering Its Role in Diabetic Retinopathy |
title | NOD-like Receptors in the Eye: Uncovering Its Role in Diabetic Retinopathy |
title_full | NOD-like Receptors in the Eye: Uncovering Its Role in Diabetic Retinopathy |
title_fullStr | NOD-like Receptors in the Eye: Uncovering Its Role in Diabetic Retinopathy |
title_full_unstemmed | NOD-like Receptors in the Eye: Uncovering Its Role in Diabetic Retinopathy |
title_short | NOD-like Receptors in the Eye: Uncovering Its Role in Diabetic Retinopathy |
title_sort | nod-like receptors in the eye: uncovering its role in diabetic retinopathy |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7037099/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32019187 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21030899 |
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