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Green Spaces, Land Cover, Street Trees and Hypertension in the Megacity of São Paulo

Proximity to green spaces has been shown to be beneficial to several cardiovascular outcomes in urban spaces. Few studies, however, have analyzed the relationship between these outcomes and green space or land cover uses in low–medium income megacities, where the consequences of rapid and inordinate...

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Autores principales: Moreira, Tiana C. L., Polizel, Jefferson L., Santos, Itamar de Souza, Silva Filho, Demóstenes F., Bensenor, Isabela, Lotufo, Paulo A., Mauad, Thais
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7038323/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31979152
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17030725
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author Moreira, Tiana C. L.
Polizel, Jefferson L.
Santos, Itamar de Souza
Silva Filho, Demóstenes F.
Bensenor, Isabela
Lotufo, Paulo A.
Mauad, Thais
author_facet Moreira, Tiana C. L.
Polizel, Jefferson L.
Santos, Itamar de Souza
Silva Filho, Demóstenes F.
Bensenor, Isabela
Lotufo, Paulo A.
Mauad, Thais
author_sort Moreira, Tiana C. L.
collection PubMed
description Proximity to green spaces has been shown to be beneficial to several cardiovascular outcomes in urban spaces. Few studies, however, have analyzed the relationship between these outcomes and green space or land cover uses in low–medium income megacities, where the consequences of rapid and inordinate urbanization impose several health hazards. This study used a subgroup of the dataset from The Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health ELSA-BRASIL (n = 3418) to identify the correlation between the medical diagnosis of hypertension and green spaces in the megacity of São Paulo. Land cover classification was performed based on the random forest algorithm using geometrically corrected aerial photography (orthophoto). Three different indicators of exposure to green spaces were used: number of street trees, land cover and number of parks within 1 km. We used logistic regression models to obtain the association of the metrics exposure and health outcomes. The number of street trees in the regional governments (OR = 0.937 and number of parks within 1 km (OR = 0.876) were inversely associated with a diagnosis of hypertension. Sixty-three percent of the population had no parks within 1 km of their residence. Our data indicate the need to encourage large-scale street tree planting and increase the number of qualified parks in megacities.
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spelling pubmed-70383232020-03-09 Green Spaces, Land Cover, Street Trees and Hypertension in the Megacity of São Paulo Moreira, Tiana C. L. Polizel, Jefferson L. Santos, Itamar de Souza Silva Filho, Demóstenes F. Bensenor, Isabela Lotufo, Paulo A. Mauad, Thais Int J Environ Res Public Health Article Proximity to green spaces has been shown to be beneficial to several cardiovascular outcomes in urban spaces. Few studies, however, have analyzed the relationship between these outcomes and green space or land cover uses in low–medium income megacities, where the consequences of rapid and inordinate urbanization impose several health hazards. This study used a subgroup of the dataset from The Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health ELSA-BRASIL (n = 3418) to identify the correlation between the medical diagnosis of hypertension and green spaces in the megacity of São Paulo. Land cover classification was performed based on the random forest algorithm using geometrically corrected aerial photography (orthophoto). Three different indicators of exposure to green spaces were used: number of street trees, land cover and number of parks within 1 km. We used logistic regression models to obtain the association of the metrics exposure and health outcomes. The number of street trees in the regional governments (OR = 0.937 and number of parks within 1 km (OR = 0.876) were inversely associated with a diagnosis of hypertension. Sixty-three percent of the population had no parks within 1 km of their residence. Our data indicate the need to encourage large-scale street tree planting and increase the number of qualified parks in megacities. MDPI 2020-01-22 2020-02 /pmc/articles/PMC7038323/ /pubmed/31979152 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17030725 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Moreira, Tiana C. L.
Polizel, Jefferson L.
Santos, Itamar de Souza
Silva Filho, Demóstenes F.
Bensenor, Isabela
Lotufo, Paulo A.
Mauad, Thais
Green Spaces, Land Cover, Street Trees and Hypertension in the Megacity of São Paulo
title Green Spaces, Land Cover, Street Trees and Hypertension in the Megacity of São Paulo
title_full Green Spaces, Land Cover, Street Trees and Hypertension in the Megacity of São Paulo
title_fullStr Green Spaces, Land Cover, Street Trees and Hypertension in the Megacity of São Paulo
title_full_unstemmed Green Spaces, Land Cover, Street Trees and Hypertension in the Megacity of São Paulo
title_short Green Spaces, Land Cover, Street Trees and Hypertension in the Megacity of São Paulo
title_sort green spaces, land cover, street trees and hypertension in the megacity of são paulo
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7038323/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31979152
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17030725
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