Predictors of poor glycemic control in adult with type 2 diabetes in South-Eastern Nigeria

BACKGROUND: The study investigated predictors of poor glycemic control in type 2 diabetes (T2DM). METHODS: Data on demographics, anthropometric and clinical parameters were collected in a cross-section survey from 140 adults with T2DM, using standard tools/instruments. Glycated hemoglobin (A1C) was assessed as a measure of glycemic control. RESULTS: Majority (83.3%) had poor glycemic control status of which about 95% constitute the elderly. The elderly (OR= 5.90, 95% Cl: 1.66–20.96) were more likely associated with poor glycemic control than the non-elderly (p = 0.006). Adjustment for significant predictor variables: Age, waist-hip ratio (WHR), Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and Systolic blood pressure (SBP), although attenuated the odds (OR= 5.00, 95% CI: 1.19–20.96) of poor glycemic control, it still remained significantly (p = 0.028) higher in the elderly. Patients outside tight FPG control significantly (p = 0.001) showed poor glycemic cotrol than those within tight FPG (OR= 17.39, 95%Cl: 5.83–51.90), even with attenuated OR (OR= 10.85, 95%Cl: 3.10–37.96) and (OR=12.08, 95%Cl: 3.64–40.09) when non-significant and significant predictor variables were accounted for, respectively. CONCLUSION: Age, WHR, FPG, and SBP were significantly associated with differences in glycemic control. The elderly and FPG outside tight control showed significantly increased odds of poor glycemic control status.