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Reconfigurable Radiation Pattern of Planar Antenna Using Metamaterial for 5G Applications

In this research, a reconfigurable metamaterial (MM) structure was designed using a millimeter-wave (MMW) band with two configurations that exhibit different refractive indices. These two MM configurations are used to guide the antenna’s main beam in the desired direction in the 5th generation (5G)...

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Autores principales: Ali Esmail, Bashar, Majid, Huda A, Zainal Abidin, Zuhairiah, Haimi Dahlan, Samsul, Himdi, Mohamed, Dewan, Raimi, Kamal A Rahim, Mohamad, Al-Fadhali, Najib
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7040675/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31991912
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13030582
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author Ali Esmail, Bashar
Majid, Huda A
Zainal Abidin, Zuhairiah
Haimi Dahlan, Samsul
Himdi, Mohamed
Dewan, Raimi
Kamal A Rahim, Mohamad
Al-Fadhali, Najib
author_facet Ali Esmail, Bashar
Majid, Huda A
Zainal Abidin, Zuhairiah
Haimi Dahlan, Samsul
Himdi, Mohamed
Dewan, Raimi
Kamal A Rahim, Mohamad
Al-Fadhali, Najib
author_sort Ali Esmail, Bashar
collection PubMed
description In this research, a reconfigurable metamaterial (MM) structure was designed using a millimeter-wave (MMW) band with two configurations that exhibit different refractive indices. These two MM configurations are used to guide the antenna’s main beam in the desired direction in the 5th generation (5G) band of 28 GHz. The different refractive indices of the two MM configurations created phase change for the electromagnetic (EM) wave of the antenna, which deflected the main beam. A contiguous squares resonator (CSR) is proposed as an MM structure to operate at MMW band. The CSR is reconfigured using three switches to achieve two MM configurations with different refractive indices. The simulation results of the proposed antenna loaded by MM unit cells demonstrate that the radiation beam is deflected by angles of +30° and −27° in the E-plane, depending on the arrangement of the two MM configurations on the antenna substrate. Furthermore, these deflections are accompanied by gain enhancements of 1.9 dB (26.7%) and 1.5 dB (22.4%) for the positive and negative deflections, respectively. The reflection coefficients of the MM antenna are kept below −10 dB for both deflection angles at 28 GHz. The MM antennas are manufactured and measured to validate the simulated results.
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spelling pubmed-70406752020-03-09 Reconfigurable Radiation Pattern of Planar Antenna Using Metamaterial for 5G Applications Ali Esmail, Bashar Majid, Huda A Zainal Abidin, Zuhairiah Haimi Dahlan, Samsul Himdi, Mohamed Dewan, Raimi Kamal A Rahim, Mohamad Al-Fadhali, Najib Materials (Basel) Article In this research, a reconfigurable metamaterial (MM) structure was designed using a millimeter-wave (MMW) band with two configurations that exhibit different refractive indices. These two MM configurations are used to guide the antenna’s main beam in the desired direction in the 5th generation (5G) band of 28 GHz. The different refractive indices of the two MM configurations created phase change for the electromagnetic (EM) wave of the antenna, which deflected the main beam. A contiguous squares resonator (CSR) is proposed as an MM structure to operate at MMW band. The CSR is reconfigured using three switches to achieve two MM configurations with different refractive indices. The simulation results of the proposed antenna loaded by MM unit cells demonstrate that the radiation beam is deflected by angles of +30° and −27° in the E-plane, depending on the arrangement of the two MM configurations on the antenna substrate. Furthermore, these deflections are accompanied by gain enhancements of 1.9 dB (26.7%) and 1.5 dB (22.4%) for the positive and negative deflections, respectively. The reflection coefficients of the MM antenna are kept below −10 dB for both deflection angles at 28 GHz. The MM antennas are manufactured and measured to validate the simulated results. MDPI 2020-01-26 /pmc/articles/PMC7040675/ /pubmed/31991912 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13030582 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Ali Esmail, Bashar
Majid, Huda A
Zainal Abidin, Zuhairiah
Haimi Dahlan, Samsul
Himdi, Mohamed
Dewan, Raimi
Kamal A Rahim, Mohamad
Al-Fadhali, Najib
Reconfigurable Radiation Pattern of Planar Antenna Using Metamaterial for 5G Applications
title Reconfigurable Radiation Pattern of Planar Antenna Using Metamaterial for 5G Applications
title_full Reconfigurable Radiation Pattern of Planar Antenna Using Metamaterial for 5G Applications
title_fullStr Reconfigurable Radiation Pattern of Planar Antenna Using Metamaterial for 5G Applications
title_full_unstemmed Reconfigurable Radiation Pattern of Planar Antenna Using Metamaterial for 5G Applications
title_short Reconfigurable Radiation Pattern of Planar Antenna Using Metamaterial for 5G Applications
title_sort reconfigurable radiation pattern of planar antenna using metamaterial for 5g applications
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7040675/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31991912
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13030582
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