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Alternaria alternata uses two siderophore systems for iron acquisition
Iron is one of the most abundant elements on earth and essential for life. However, Fe(3+) ions are rather insoluble and microorganisms such as fungi may use siderophores as strong chelators for uptake. In addition, free cytoplasmic iron is rather toxic and intracellular siderophores are used to con...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Nature Publishing Group UK
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7046739/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32107432 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-60468-7 |
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author | Voß, Benjamin Kirschhöfer, Frank Brenner-Weiß, Gerald Fischer, Reinhard |
author_facet | Voß, Benjamin Kirschhöfer, Frank Brenner-Weiß, Gerald Fischer, Reinhard |
author_sort | Voß, Benjamin |
collection | PubMed |
description | Iron is one of the most abundant elements on earth and essential for life. However, Fe(3+) ions are rather insoluble and microorganisms such as fungi may use siderophores as strong chelators for uptake. In addition, free cytoplasmic iron is rather toxic and intracellular siderophores are used to control the toxicity. Siderophores are also important for iron storage. We studied two siderophore systems in the plant necrotrophic fungus Alternaria alternata and show that the non-ribosomal peptide synthase, Nps2, is required for the biosynthesis of intracellular ferricrocin, whereas Nps6 is needed for the formation of extracellular coprogen and coprogen B. Whereas nps2 was dispensable for growth on iron-depleted medium, nps6 was essential under those conditions. nps2 deletion caused an increase in spore formation and reduced pathogenicity on tomato. Our results suggest that A. alternata employs an external and an internal siderophore system to adapt to low iron conditions. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7046739 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | Nature Publishing Group UK |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-70467392020-03-05 Alternaria alternata uses two siderophore systems for iron acquisition Voß, Benjamin Kirschhöfer, Frank Brenner-Weiß, Gerald Fischer, Reinhard Sci Rep Article Iron is one of the most abundant elements on earth and essential for life. However, Fe(3+) ions are rather insoluble and microorganisms such as fungi may use siderophores as strong chelators for uptake. In addition, free cytoplasmic iron is rather toxic and intracellular siderophores are used to control the toxicity. Siderophores are also important for iron storage. We studied two siderophore systems in the plant necrotrophic fungus Alternaria alternata and show that the non-ribosomal peptide synthase, Nps2, is required for the biosynthesis of intracellular ferricrocin, whereas Nps6 is needed for the formation of extracellular coprogen and coprogen B. Whereas nps2 was dispensable for growth on iron-depleted medium, nps6 was essential under those conditions. nps2 deletion caused an increase in spore formation and reduced pathogenicity on tomato. Our results suggest that A. alternata employs an external and an internal siderophore system to adapt to low iron conditions. Nature Publishing Group UK 2020-02-27 /pmc/articles/PMC7046739/ /pubmed/32107432 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-60468-7 Text en © The Author(s) 2020 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. |
spellingShingle | Article Voß, Benjamin Kirschhöfer, Frank Brenner-Weiß, Gerald Fischer, Reinhard Alternaria alternata uses two siderophore systems for iron acquisition |
title | Alternaria alternata uses two siderophore systems for iron acquisition |
title_full | Alternaria alternata uses two siderophore systems for iron acquisition |
title_fullStr | Alternaria alternata uses two siderophore systems for iron acquisition |
title_full_unstemmed | Alternaria alternata uses two siderophore systems for iron acquisition |
title_short | Alternaria alternata uses two siderophore systems for iron acquisition |
title_sort | alternaria alternata uses two siderophore systems for iron acquisition |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7046739/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32107432 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-60468-7 |
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