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Effects of aging on hydrocephalus after intraventricular hemorrhage
BACKGROUND: Hydrocephalus is a common and major complication that affects outcome after intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH). While aging impacts the occurrence of hydrocephalus in patients with IVH this and the underlying mechanisms have received little attention. The present investigation, therefore,...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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BioMed Central
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7047364/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32106865 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12987-020-0169-y |
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author | Wan, Yingfeng Gao, Feng Ye, Fenghui Yang, Weiming Hua, Ya Keep, Richard F. Xi, Guohua |
author_facet | Wan, Yingfeng Gao, Feng Ye, Fenghui Yang, Weiming Hua, Ya Keep, Richard F. Xi, Guohua |
author_sort | Wan, Yingfeng |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Hydrocephalus is a common and major complication that affects outcome after intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH). While aging impacts the occurrence of hydrocephalus in patients with IVH this and the underlying mechanisms have received little attention. The present investigation, therefore, studied the impact of aging on hydrocephalus after IVH in a rat model. METHODS: Young and aged (3 and 18 months old, respectively) male Fischer 344 rats had an intraventricular injection of 200 μl autologous blood or saline. Ventricular volume was estimated using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), while ventricular wall damage, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and epiplexus cell activation were quantified by histological staining and Western blot. Additionally, the impact of intraventricular iron injection was examined in young and aged rats. RESULTS: Intraventricular injection of autologous blood induced hydrocephalus in both young and aged rats but ventricular volumes were larger in aged rats compared to young rats from day 3 to day 14 followed IVH. In addition, ventricular wall damage and periventricular HO-1 upregulation were greater in aged versus young rats on day 1 after IVH. Aged rats also had more choroid plexus epiplexus cells on day 14 after IVH. Additionally, organized hematomas were observed in 23% (3/13) of aged rats but not in young rats after IVH. Organized hematomas in aged rats showed larger T2* lesions on MRI compared to rats with non-organized hematomas. Similar to the effects of IVH, intraventricular injection of iron resulted in more epiplexus cells activation and more severe hydrocephalus in aged compared to young rats. CONCLUSIONS: IVH causes more severe hydrocephalus in aged compared to young rats. Enhanced ventricular wall damage, epiplexus cell activation and iron overload may contribute to this aggravated hydrocephalus development in aged animals. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7047364 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-70473642020-03-03 Effects of aging on hydrocephalus after intraventricular hemorrhage Wan, Yingfeng Gao, Feng Ye, Fenghui Yang, Weiming Hua, Ya Keep, Richard F. Xi, Guohua Fluids Barriers CNS Research BACKGROUND: Hydrocephalus is a common and major complication that affects outcome after intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH). While aging impacts the occurrence of hydrocephalus in patients with IVH this and the underlying mechanisms have received little attention. The present investigation, therefore, studied the impact of aging on hydrocephalus after IVH in a rat model. METHODS: Young and aged (3 and 18 months old, respectively) male Fischer 344 rats had an intraventricular injection of 200 μl autologous blood or saline. Ventricular volume was estimated using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), while ventricular wall damage, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and epiplexus cell activation were quantified by histological staining and Western blot. Additionally, the impact of intraventricular iron injection was examined in young and aged rats. RESULTS: Intraventricular injection of autologous blood induced hydrocephalus in both young and aged rats but ventricular volumes were larger in aged rats compared to young rats from day 3 to day 14 followed IVH. In addition, ventricular wall damage and periventricular HO-1 upregulation were greater in aged versus young rats on day 1 after IVH. Aged rats also had more choroid plexus epiplexus cells on day 14 after IVH. Additionally, organized hematomas were observed in 23% (3/13) of aged rats but not in young rats after IVH. Organized hematomas in aged rats showed larger T2* lesions on MRI compared to rats with non-organized hematomas. Similar to the effects of IVH, intraventricular injection of iron resulted in more epiplexus cells activation and more severe hydrocephalus in aged compared to young rats. CONCLUSIONS: IVH causes more severe hydrocephalus in aged compared to young rats. Enhanced ventricular wall damage, epiplexus cell activation and iron overload may contribute to this aggravated hydrocephalus development in aged animals. BioMed Central 2020-02-28 /pmc/articles/PMC7047364/ /pubmed/32106865 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12987-020-0169-y Text en © The Author(s) 2020 Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data. |
spellingShingle | Research Wan, Yingfeng Gao, Feng Ye, Fenghui Yang, Weiming Hua, Ya Keep, Richard F. Xi, Guohua Effects of aging on hydrocephalus after intraventricular hemorrhage |
title | Effects of aging on hydrocephalus after intraventricular hemorrhage |
title_full | Effects of aging on hydrocephalus after intraventricular hemorrhage |
title_fullStr | Effects of aging on hydrocephalus after intraventricular hemorrhage |
title_full_unstemmed | Effects of aging on hydrocephalus after intraventricular hemorrhage |
title_short | Effects of aging on hydrocephalus after intraventricular hemorrhage |
title_sort | effects of aging on hydrocephalus after intraventricular hemorrhage |
topic | Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7047364/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32106865 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12987-020-0169-y |
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