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Far Beyond Cancer Immunotherapy: Reversion of Multi-Malignant Phenotypes of Immunotherapeutic-Resistant Cancer by Targeting the NANOG Signaling Axis

Cancer immunotherapy, in the form of vaccination, adoptive cellular transfer, or immune checkpoint inhibitors, has emerged as a promising practice within the field of oncology. However, despite the developing field's potential to revolutionize cancer treatment, the presence of immunotherapeutic...

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Autores principales: Oh, Se Jin, Lee, Jaeyoon, Kim, Yukang, Song, Kwon-Ho, Cho, Eunho, Kim, Minsung, Jung, Heejae, Kim, Tae Woo
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: The Korean Association of Immunologists 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7049583/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32158595
http://dx.doi.org/10.4110/in.2020.20.e7
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author Oh, Se Jin
Lee, Jaeyoon
Kim, Yukang
Song, Kwon-Ho
Cho, Eunho
Kim, Minsung
Jung, Heejae
Kim, Tae Woo
author_facet Oh, Se Jin
Lee, Jaeyoon
Kim, Yukang
Song, Kwon-Ho
Cho, Eunho
Kim, Minsung
Jung, Heejae
Kim, Tae Woo
author_sort Oh, Se Jin
collection PubMed
description Cancer immunotherapy, in the form of vaccination, adoptive cellular transfer, or immune checkpoint inhibitors, has emerged as a promising practice within the field of oncology. However, despite the developing field's potential to revolutionize cancer treatment, the presence of immunotherapeutic-resistant tumor cells in many patients present a challenge and limitation to these immunotherapies. These cells not only indicate immunotherapeutic resistance, but also show multi-modal resistance to conventional therapies, abnormal metabolism, stemness, and metastasis. How can immunotherapeutic-resistant tumor cells render multi-malignant phenotypes? We reasoned that the immune-refractory phenotype could be associated with multi-malignant phenotypes and that these phenotypes are linked together by a factor that acts as the master regulator. In this review, we discussed the role of the embryonic transcription factor NANOG as a crucial master regulator we named “common factor” in multi-malignant phenotypes and presented strategies to overcome multi-malignancy in immunotherapeutic-resistant cancer by restraining the NANOG-mediated multi-malignant signaling axis. Strategies that blunt the NANOG axis could improve the clinical management of therapy-refractory cancer.
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spelling pubmed-70495832020-03-10 Far Beyond Cancer Immunotherapy: Reversion of Multi-Malignant Phenotypes of Immunotherapeutic-Resistant Cancer by Targeting the NANOG Signaling Axis Oh, Se Jin Lee, Jaeyoon Kim, Yukang Song, Kwon-Ho Cho, Eunho Kim, Minsung Jung, Heejae Kim, Tae Woo Immune Netw Review Article Cancer immunotherapy, in the form of vaccination, adoptive cellular transfer, or immune checkpoint inhibitors, has emerged as a promising practice within the field of oncology. However, despite the developing field's potential to revolutionize cancer treatment, the presence of immunotherapeutic-resistant tumor cells in many patients present a challenge and limitation to these immunotherapies. These cells not only indicate immunotherapeutic resistance, but also show multi-modal resistance to conventional therapies, abnormal metabolism, stemness, and metastasis. How can immunotherapeutic-resistant tumor cells render multi-malignant phenotypes? We reasoned that the immune-refractory phenotype could be associated with multi-malignant phenotypes and that these phenotypes are linked together by a factor that acts as the master regulator. In this review, we discussed the role of the embryonic transcription factor NANOG as a crucial master regulator we named “common factor” in multi-malignant phenotypes and presented strategies to overcome multi-malignancy in immunotherapeutic-resistant cancer by restraining the NANOG-mediated multi-malignant signaling axis. Strategies that blunt the NANOG axis could improve the clinical management of therapy-refractory cancer. The Korean Association of Immunologists 2020-01-20 /pmc/articles/PMC7049583/ /pubmed/32158595 http://dx.doi.org/10.4110/in.2020.20.e7 Text en Copyright © 2020. The Korean Association of Immunologists https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Review Article
Oh, Se Jin
Lee, Jaeyoon
Kim, Yukang
Song, Kwon-Ho
Cho, Eunho
Kim, Minsung
Jung, Heejae
Kim, Tae Woo
Far Beyond Cancer Immunotherapy: Reversion of Multi-Malignant Phenotypes of Immunotherapeutic-Resistant Cancer by Targeting the NANOG Signaling Axis
title Far Beyond Cancer Immunotherapy: Reversion of Multi-Malignant Phenotypes of Immunotherapeutic-Resistant Cancer by Targeting the NANOG Signaling Axis
title_full Far Beyond Cancer Immunotherapy: Reversion of Multi-Malignant Phenotypes of Immunotherapeutic-Resistant Cancer by Targeting the NANOG Signaling Axis
title_fullStr Far Beyond Cancer Immunotherapy: Reversion of Multi-Malignant Phenotypes of Immunotherapeutic-Resistant Cancer by Targeting the NANOG Signaling Axis
title_full_unstemmed Far Beyond Cancer Immunotherapy: Reversion of Multi-Malignant Phenotypes of Immunotherapeutic-Resistant Cancer by Targeting the NANOG Signaling Axis
title_short Far Beyond Cancer Immunotherapy: Reversion of Multi-Malignant Phenotypes of Immunotherapeutic-Resistant Cancer by Targeting the NANOG Signaling Axis
title_sort far beyond cancer immunotherapy: reversion of multi-malignant phenotypes of immunotherapeutic-resistant cancer by targeting the nanog signaling axis
topic Review Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7049583/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32158595
http://dx.doi.org/10.4110/in.2020.20.e7
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