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Epstein Barr Virus Associated Lymphomas and Epithelia Cancers in Humans

Epstein Barr virus (EBV) is a cosmopolitan oncogenic virus, infecting about 90% of the world's population and it is associated to tumors originating from both epithelia and hematopoietic cells. Transmission of the virus is mainly through oral secretions; however, transmission through organ tran...

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Autores principales: Ayee, Richmond, Ofori, Maame Ekua Oforiwaa, Wright, Edward, Quaye, Osbourne
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Ivyspring International Publisher 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7052849/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32194785
http://dx.doi.org/10.7150/jca.37282
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author Ayee, Richmond
Ofori, Maame Ekua Oforiwaa
Wright, Edward
Quaye, Osbourne
author_facet Ayee, Richmond
Ofori, Maame Ekua Oforiwaa
Wright, Edward
Quaye, Osbourne
author_sort Ayee, Richmond
collection PubMed
description Epstein Barr virus (EBV) is a cosmopolitan oncogenic virus, infecting about 90% of the world's population and it is associated to tumors originating from both epithelia and hematopoietic cells. Transmission of the virus is mainly through oral secretions; however, transmission through organ transplantation and blood transfusion has been reported. In order to evade immune recognition, EBV establishes latent infection in B lymphocytes where it expresses limited sets of proteins called EBV transcription programs (ETPs), including six nuclear antigens (EBNAs), three latent membrane proteins (LMP), and untranslated RNA called EBV encoded RNA (EBER), shown to efficiently transform B cells into lymphoblastic cells. These programs undergo different patterns of expression which determine the occurrence of distinct types of latency in the pathogenesis of a particular tumor. Hematopoietic cell derived tumors include but not limited to Burkitt's lymphoma, Hodgkin lymphoma, post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders, and natural killer (NK)/T cell lymphoma. EBV undergoes lytic infection in epithelia cells for amplification of the viral particle for transmission where it expresses lytic stage genes. However, for reasons yet to be unveiled, EBV switches from the expression of lytic stage genes to the expression of ETPs in epithelia cells. The expression of the ETPs lead to the transformation of epithelia cells into permanently proliferating cells, resulting in epithelia cell derived malignancies such as nasopharyngeal cancer, gastric cancer, and breast cancer. In this review, we have summarized the current updates on EBV associated epithelial and B cell-derived malignancies, and the role of EBV latency gene products in the pathogenesis of the cancers, and have suggested areas for future studies when considering therapeutic measures
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spelling pubmed-70528492020-03-19 Epstein Barr Virus Associated Lymphomas and Epithelia Cancers in Humans Ayee, Richmond Ofori, Maame Ekua Oforiwaa Wright, Edward Quaye, Osbourne J Cancer Review Epstein Barr virus (EBV) is a cosmopolitan oncogenic virus, infecting about 90% of the world's population and it is associated to tumors originating from both epithelia and hematopoietic cells. Transmission of the virus is mainly through oral secretions; however, transmission through organ transplantation and blood transfusion has been reported. In order to evade immune recognition, EBV establishes latent infection in B lymphocytes where it expresses limited sets of proteins called EBV transcription programs (ETPs), including six nuclear antigens (EBNAs), three latent membrane proteins (LMP), and untranslated RNA called EBV encoded RNA (EBER), shown to efficiently transform B cells into lymphoblastic cells. These programs undergo different patterns of expression which determine the occurrence of distinct types of latency in the pathogenesis of a particular tumor. Hematopoietic cell derived tumors include but not limited to Burkitt's lymphoma, Hodgkin lymphoma, post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders, and natural killer (NK)/T cell lymphoma. EBV undergoes lytic infection in epithelia cells for amplification of the viral particle for transmission where it expresses lytic stage genes. However, for reasons yet to be unveiled, EBV switches from the expression of lytic stage genes to the expression of ETPs in epithelia cells. The expression of the ETPs lead to the transformation of epithelia cells into permanently proliferating cells, resulting in epithelia cell derived malignancies such as nasopharyngeal cancer, gastric cancer, and breast cancer. In this review, we have summarized the current updates on EBV associated epithelial and B cell-derived malignancies, and the role of EBV latency gene products in the pathogenesis of the cancers, and have suggested areas for future studies when considering therapeutic measures Ivyspring International Publisher 2020-01-17 /pmc/articles/PMC7052849/ /pubmed/32194785 http://dx.doi.org/10.7150/jca.37282 Text en © The author(s) This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). See http://ivyspring.com/terms for full terms and conditions.
spellingShingle Review
Ayee, Richmond
Ofori, Maame Ekua Oforiwaa
Wright, Edward
Quaye, Osbourne
Epstein Barr Virus Associated Lymphomas and Epithelia Cancers in Humans
title Epstein Barr Virus Associated Lymphomas and Epithelia Cancers in Humans
title_full Epstein Barr Virus Associated Lymphomas and Epithelia Cancers in Humans
title_fullStr Epstein Barr Virus Associated Lymphomas and Epithelia Cancers in Humans
title_full_unstemmed Epstein Barr Virus Associated Lymphomas and Epithelia Cancers in Humans
title_short Epstein Barr Virus Associated Lymphomas and Epithelia Cancers in Humans
title_sort epstein barr virus associated lymphomas and epithelia cancers in humans
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7052849/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32194785
http://dx.doi.org/10.7150/jca.37282
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