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Microbial Community Drivers in Anaerobic Granulation at High Salinity
In the recent years anaerobic sludge granulation at elevated salinities in upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactors has been investigated in few engineering based studies, never addressing the microbial community structural role in driving aggregation and keeping granules stability. In this s...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2020
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7054345/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32174895 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.00235 |
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author | Gagliano, Maria Cristina Sudmalis, Dainis Pei, Ruizhe Temmink, Hardy Plugge, Caroline M. |
author_facet | Gagliano, Maria Cristina Sudmalis, Dainis Pei, Ruizhe Temmink, Hardy Plugge, Caroline M. |
author_sort | Gagliano, Maria Cristina |
collection | PubMed |
description | In the recent years anaerobic sludge granulation at elevated salinities in upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactors has been investigated in few engineering based studies, never addressing the microbial community structural role in driving aggregation and keeping granules stability. In this study, the combination of different techniques was applied in order to follow the microbial community members and their structural dynamics in granules formed at low (5 g/L Na(+)) and high (20 g/L Na(+)) salinity conditions. Experiments were carried out in four UASB reactors fed with synthetic wastewater, using two experimental set-ups. By applying 16S rRNA gene analysis, the comparison of granules grown at low and high salinity showed that acetotrophic Methanosaeta harundinacea was the dominant methanogen at both salinities, while the dominant bacteria changed. At 5 g/L Na(+), cocci chains of Streptoccoccus were developing, while at 20 g/L Na(+) members of the family Defluviitaleaceae formed long filaments. By means of Fluorescence in Situ Hybridization (FISH) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), it was shown that aggregation of Methanosaeta in compact clusters and the formation of filaments of Streptoccoccus and Defluviitaleaceae during the digestion time were the main drivers for the granulation at low and high salinity. Interestingly, when the complex protein substrate (tryptone) in the synthetic wastewater was substituted with single amino acids (proline, leucine and glutamic acid), granules at high salinity (20 g/L Na(+)) were not formed. This corresponded to a decrease of Methanosaeta relative abundance and a lack of compact clustering, together with disappearance of Defluviitaleaceae and consequent absence of bacterial filaments within the dispersed biomass. In these conditions, a biofilm was growing on the glass wall of the reactor instead, highlighting that a complex protein substrate such as tryptone can contribute to granules formation at elevated salinity. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7054345 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-70543452020-03-13 Microbial Community Drivers in Anaerobic Granulation at High Salinity Gagliano, Maria Cristina Sudmalis, Dainis Pei, Ruizhe Temmink, Hardy Plugge, Caroline M. Front Microbiol Microbiology In the recent years anaerobic sludge granulation at elevated salinities in upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactors has been investigated in few engineering based studies, never addressing the microbial community structural role in driving aggregation and keeping granules stability. In this study, the combination of different techniques was applied in order to follow the microbial community members and their structural dynamics in granules formed at low (5 g/L Na(+)) and high (20 g/L Na(+)) salinity conditions. Experiments were carried out in four UASB reactors fed with synthetic wastewater, using two experimental set-ups. By applying 16S rRNA gene analysis, the comparison of granules grown at low and high salinity showed that acetotrophic Methanosaeta harundinacea was the dominant methanogen at both salinities, while the dominant bacteria changed. At 5 g/L Na(+), cocci chains of Streptoccoccus were developing, while at 20 g/L Na(+) members of the family Defluviitaleaceae formed long filaments. By means of Fluorescence in Situ Hybridization (FISH) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), it was shown that aggregation of Methanosaeta in compact clusters and the formation of filaments of Streptoccoccus and Defluviitaleaceae during the digestion time were the main drivers for the granulation at low and high salinity. Interestingly, when the complex protein substrate (tryptone) in the synthetic wastewater was substituted with single amino acids (proline, leucine and glutamic acid), granules at high salinity (20 g/L Na(+)) were not formed. This corresponded to a decrease of Methanosaeta relative abundance and a lack of compact clustering, together with disappearance of Defluviitaleaceae and consequent absence of bacterial filaments within the dispersed biomass. In these conditions, a biofilm was growing on the glass wall of the reactor instead, highlighting that a complex protein substrate such as tryptone can contribute to granules formation at elevated salinity. Frontiers Media S.A. 2020-02-26 /pmc/articles/PMC7054345/ /pubmed/32174895 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.00235 Text en Copyright © 2020 Gagliano, Sudmalis, Pei, Temmink and Plugge. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Microbiology Gagliano, Maria Cristina Sudmalis, Dainis Pei, Ruizhe Temmink, Hardy Plugge, Caroline M. Microbial Community Drivers in Anaerobic Granulation at High Salinity |
title | Microbial Community Drivers in Anaerobic Granulation at High Salinity |
title_full | Microbial Community Drivers in Anaerobic Granulation at High Salinity |
title_fullStr | Microbial Community Drivers in Anaerobic Granulation at High Salinity |
title_full_unstemmed | Microbial Community Drivers in Anaerobic Granulation at High Salinity |
title_short | Microbial Community Drivers in Anaerobic Granulation at High Salinity |
title_sort | microbial community drivers in anaerobic granulation at high salinity |
topic | Microbiology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7054345/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32174895 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.00235 |
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