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Pesticide Residues in Eggplant Fruit from Khartoum State, Sudan
BACKGROUND. Eggplant is a popular food item in Sudan, however pesticides are heavily used. OBJECTIVE. To investigate the presence of pesticide residues in fresh eggplants in Khartoum State, Sudan. METHODS. Eggplant fruit samples from three different regions in Khartoum State (central vegetable marke...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Black Smith Institute
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7058141/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32175175 http://dx.doi.org/10.5696/2156-9614-10.25.200304 |
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author | Abdelbagi, Azhari Omer Ismail, Rihab Eltahir Abdalla Ishag, Abd Elaziz Sulieman Ahmed Hammad, Ahmed Mohammed Ali |
author_facet | Abdelbagi, Azhari Omer Ismail, Rihab Eltahir Abdalla Ishag, Abd Elaziz Sulieman Ahmed Hammad, Ahmed Mohammed Ali |
author_sort | Abdelbagi, Azhari Omer |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND. Eggplant is a popular food item in Sudan, however pesticides are heavily used. OBJECTIVE. To investigate the presence of pesticide residues in fresh eggplants in Khartoum State, Sudan. METHODS. Eggplant fruit samples from three different regions in Khartoum State (central vegetable market, east Nile farms, and west Nile farms) were analyzed for residues of commonly used pesticides. Pesticide residues were analyzed by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry and results were expressed in μg/kg fruit. RESULTS. Out of the 11 active ingredients analyzed, residues were identified for four pesticides (imidacloprid, dimethoate, endosulfan (α and β isomers) and 2, 4-D). Levels of omethoate, diazinon, malathion, chlorpyrifos, atrazine, and pendimethalin were below the detection limits. CONCLUSIONS. Residues of four insecticides out of the 11 analyzed (imidacloprid, dimethoate, endosulfan (α, β isomers), and 2, 4-D) were detected in the current study. The health implications of these violative levels should be regularly observed along with strict enforcement of laws and regulations coupled with agricultural extension interventions. COMPETING INTERESTS. The authors declare no competing financial interests. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7058141 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | Black Smith Institute |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-70581412020-03-13 Pesticide Residues in Eggplant Fruit from Khartoum State, Sudan Abdelbagi, Azhari Omer Ismail, Rihab Eltahir Abdalla Ishag, Abd Elaziz Sulieman Ahmed Hammad, Ahmed Mohammed Ali J Health Pollut Research BACKGROUND. Eggplant is a popular food item in Sudan, however pesticides are heavily used. OBJECTIVE. To investigate the presence of pesticide residues in fresh eggplants in Khartoum State, Sudan. METHODS. Eggplant fruit samples from three different regions in Khartoum State (central vegetable market, east Nile farms, and west Nile farms) were analyzed for residues of commonly used pesticides. Pesticide residues were analyzed by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry and results were expressed in μg/kg fruit. RESULTS. Out of the 11 active ingredients analyzed, residues were identified for four pesticides (imidacloprid, dimethoate, endosulfan (α and β isomers) and 2, 4-D). Levels of omethoate, diazinon, malathion, chlorpyrifos, atrazine, and pendimethalin were below the detection limits. CONCLUSIONS. Residues of four insecticides out of the 11 analyzed (imidacloprid, dimethoate, endosulfan (α, β isomers), and 2, 4-D) were detected in the current study. The health implications of these violative levels should be regularly observed along with strict enforcement of laws and regulations coupled with agricultural extension interventions. COMPETING INTERESTS. The authors declare no competing financial interests. Black Smith Institute 2020-02-28 /pmc/articles/PMC7058141/ /pubmed/32175175 http://dx.doi.org/10.5696/2156-9614-10.25.200304 Text en © Pure Earth 2020 This is an Open Access article distributed in accordance with Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/). |
spellingShingle | Research Abdelbagi, Azhari Omer Ismail, Rihab Eltahir Abdalla Ishag, Abd Elaziz Sulieman Ahmed Hammad, Ahmed Mohammed Ali Pesticide Residues in Eggplant Fruit from Khartoum State, Sudan |
title | Pesticide Residues in Eggplant Fruit from Khartoum State, Sudan |
title_full | Pesticide Residues in Eggplant Fruit from Khartoum State, Sudan |
title_fullStr | Pesticide Residues in Eggplant Fruit from Khartoum State, Sudan |
title_full_unstemmed | Pesticide Residues in Eggplant Fruit from Khartoum State, Sudan |
title_short | Pesticide Residues in Eggplant Fruit from Khartoum State, Sudan |
title_sort | pesticide residues in eggplant fruit from khartoum state, sudan |
topic | Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7058141/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32175175 http://dx.doi.org/10.5696/2156-9614-10.25.200304 |
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