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Neuroglia: Realising their true potential
The name neuroglia is generally translated as nerve glue. In the recent past, this has been used to describe passive structural cells. Presently, this view has been challenged and the true dynamic and multifunctional nature of neuroglia is beginning to be appreciated. In the central nervous system,...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
SAGE Publications
2018
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7058207/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32166166 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2398212818817495 |
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author | Butt, Arthur Verkhratsky, Alexei |
author_facet | Butt, Arthur Verkhratsky, Alexei |
author_sort | Butt, Arthur |
collection | PubMed |
description | The name neuroglia is generally translated as nerve glue. In the recent past, this has been used to describe passive structural cells. Presently, this view has been challenged and the true dynamic and multifunctional nature of neuroglia is beginning to be appreciated. In the central nervous system, the main kinds of neuroglia are astrocytes (the primary homeostatic cells that ensure synaptic transmission), oligodendrocytes (which form the myelin that ensures rapid electrical transmission) and microglia (the main immune cells). In the peripheral nervous system, neuroglia comprise Schwann cells, satellite glia and enteric glia. These functionally diverse and specialised cells are fundamental to function at the molecular, cellular, tissue and system levels. Without nerve glue, the body cannot function and the future will begin to unlock their importance in higher cognitive functions that set humans apart from other animals and their true potential as therapeutic targets in neurodegenerative and other diseases. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7058207 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | SAGE Publications |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-70582072020-03-12 Neuroglia: Realising their true potential Butt, Arthur Verkhratsky, Alexei Brain Neurosci Adv Review Article The name neuroglia is generally translated as nerve glue. In the recent past, this has been used to describe passive structural cells. Presently, this view has been challenged and the true dynamic and multifunctional nature of neuroglia is beginning to be appreciated. In the central nervous system, the main kinds of neuroglia are astrocytes (the primary homeostatic cells that ensure synaptic transmission), oligodendrocytes (which form the myelin that ensures rapid electrical transmission) and microglia (the main immune cells). In the peripheral nervous system, neuroglia comprise Schwann cells, satellite glia and enteric glia. These functionally diverse and specialised cells are fundamental to function at the molecular, cellular, tissue and system levels. Without nerve glue, the body cannot function and the future will begin to unlock their importance in higher cognitive functions that set humans apart from other animals and their true potential as therapeutic targets in neurodegenerative and other diseases. SAGE Publications 2018-12-04 /pmc/articles/PMC7058207/ /pubmed/32166166 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2398212818817495 Text en © The Author(s) 2018 http://www.creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 License (http://www.creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits non-commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access pages (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage). |
spellingShingle | Review Article Butt, Arthur Verkhratsky, Alexei Neuroglia: Realising their true potential |
title | Neuroglia: Realising their true potential |
title_full | Neuroglia: Realising their true potential |
title_fullStr | Neuroglia: Realising their true potential |
title_full_unstemmed | Neuroglia: Realising their true potential |
title_short | Neuroglia: Realising their true potential |
title_sort | neuroglia: realising their true potential |
topic | Review Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7058207/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32166166 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2398212818817495 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT buttarthur neurogliarealisingtheirtruepotential AT verkhratskyalexei neurogliarealisingtheirtruepotential |