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Purine and purinergic receptors
Adenosine 5′-triphosphate acts as an extracellular signalling molecule (purinergic signalling), as well as an intracellular energy source. Adenosine 5′-triphosphate receptors have been cloned and characterised. P1 receptors are selective for adenosine, a breakdown product of adenosine 5′-triphosphat...
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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SAGE Publications
2018
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7058212/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32166165 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2398212818817494 |
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author | Burnstock, Geoffrey |
author_facet | Burnstock, Geoffrey |
author_sort | Burnstock, Geoffrey |
collection | PubMed |
description | Adenosine 5′-triphosphate acts as an extracellular signalling molecule (purinergic signalling), as well as an intracellular energy source. Adenosine 5′-triphosphate receptors have been cloned and characterised. P1 receptors are selective for adenosine, a breakdown product of adenosine 5′-triphosphate after degradation by ectonucleotidases. Four subtypes are recognised, A(1), A(2A), A(2B) and A(3) receptors. P2 receptors are activated by purine and by pyrimidine nucleotides. P2X receptors are ligand-gated ion channel receptors (seven subunits (P2X1-7)), which form trimers as both homomultimers and heteromultimers. P2Y receptors are G protein-coupled receptors (eight subtypes (P2Y(1/2/4/6/11/12/13/14))). There is both purinergic short-term signalling and long-term (trophic) signalling. The cloning of P2X-like receptors in primitive invertebrates suggests that adenosine 5′-triphosphate is an early evolutionary extracellular signalling molecule. Selective purinoceptor agonists and antagonists with therapeutic potential have been developed for a wide range of diseases, including thrombosis and stroke, dry eye, atherosclerosis, kidney failure, osteoporosis, bladder incontinence, colitis, neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7058212 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | SAGE Publications |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-70582122020-03-12 Purine and purinergic receptors Burnstock, Geoffrey Brain Neurosci Adv Review Article Adenosine 5′-triphosphate acts as an extracellular signalling molecule (purinergic signalling), as well as an intracellular energy source. Adenosine 5′-triphosphate receptors have been cloned and characterised. P1 receptors are selective for adenosine, a breakdown product of adenosine 5′-triphosphate after degradation by ectonucleotidases. Four subtypes are recognised, A(1), A(2A), A(2B) and A(3) receptors. P2 receptors are activated by purine and by pyrimidine nucleotides. P2X receptors are ligand-gated ion channel receptors (seven subunits (P2X1-7)), which form trimers as both homomultimers and heteromultimers. P2Y receptors are G protein-coupled receptors (eight subtypes (P2Y(1/2/4/6/11/12/13/14))). There is both purinergic short-term signalling and long-term (trophic) signalling. The cloning of P2X-like receptors in primitive invertebrates suggests that adenosine 5′-triphosphate is an early evolutionary extracellular signalling molecule. Selective purinoceptor agonists and antagonists with therapeutic potential have been developed for a wide range of diseases, including thrombosis and stroke, dry eye, atherosclerosis, kidney failure, osteoporosis, bladder incontinence, colitis, neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. SAGE Publications 2018-12-06 /pmc/articles/PMC7058212/ /pubmed/32166165 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2398212818817494 Text en © The Author(s) 2018 http://www.creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 License (http://www.creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits non-commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access pages (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage). |
spellingShingle | Review Article Burnstock, Geoffrey Purine and purinergic receptors |
title | Purine and purinergic receptors |
title_full | Purine and purinergic receptors |
title_fullStr | Purine and purinergic receptors |
title_full_unstemmed | Purine and purinergic receptors |
title_short | Purine and purinergic receptors |
title_sort | purine and purinergic receptors |
topic | Review Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7058212/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32166165 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2398212818817494 |
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