Cargando…
Neuroethical issues in cognitive enhancement: Modafinil as the example of a workplace drug?
The use of cognitive-enhancing drugs by healthy individuals has been a feature for much of recorded history. Cocaine and amphetamine are modern cases of drugs initially enthusiastically acclaimed for enhancing cognition and mood. Today, an increasing number of healthy people are reported to use cogn...
Autores principales: | , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
SAGE Publications
2019
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7058249/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32166175 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2398212818816018 |
_version_ | 1783503824751689728 |
---|---|
author | Brühl, Annette B. d’Angelo, Camilla Sahakian, Barbara J. |
author_facet | Brühl, Annette B. d’Angelo, Camilla Sahakian, Barbara J. |
author_sort | Brühl, Annette B. |
collection | PubMed |
description | The use of cognitive-enhancing drugs by healthy individuals has been a feature for much of recorded history. Cocaine and amphetamine are modern cases of drugs initially enthusiastically acclaimed for enhancing cognition and mood. Today, an increasing number of healthy people are reported to use cognitive-enhancing drugs, as well as other interventions, such as non-invasive brain stimulation, to maintain or improve work performance. Cognitive-enhancing drugs, such as methylphenidate and modafinil, which were developed as treatments, are increasingly being used by healthy people. Modafinil not only affects ‘cold’ cognition, but also improves ‘hot’ cognition, such as emotion recognition and task-related motivation. The lifestyle use of ‘smart drugs’ raises both safety concerns as well as ethical issues, including coercion and increasing disparity in society. As a society, we need to consider which forms of cognitive enhancement (e.g. pharmacological, exercise, lifelong learning) are acceptable and for which groups under what conditions and by what methods we would wish to improve and flourish. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7058249 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | SAGE Publications |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-70582492020-03-12 Neuroethical issues in cognitive enhancement: Modafinil as the example of a workplace drug? Brühl, Annette B. d’Angelo, Camilla Sahakian, Barbara J. Brain Neurosci Adv Review Article The use of cognitive-enhancing drugs by healthy individuals has been a feature for much of recorded history. Cocaine and amphetamine are modern cases of drugs initially enthusiastically acclaimed for enhancing cognition and mood. Today, an increasing number of healthy people are reported to use cognitive-enhancing drugs, as well as other interventions, such as non-invasive brain stimulation, to maintain or improve work performance. Cognitive-enhancing drugs, such as methylphenidate and modafinil, which were developed as treatments, are increasingly being used by healthy people. Modafinil not only affects ‘cold’ cognition, but also improves ‘hot’ cognition, such as emotion recognition and task-related motivation. The lifestyle use of ‘smart drugs’ raises both safety concerns as well as ethical issues, including coercion and increasing disparity in society. As a society, we need to consider which forms of cognitive enhancement (e.g. pharmacological, exercise, lifelong learning) are acceptable and for which groups under what conditions and by what methods we would wish to improve and flourish. SAGE Publications 2019-02-15 /pmc/articles/PMC7058249/ /pubmed/32166175 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2398212818816018 Text en © The Author(s) 2019 http://www.creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 License (http://www.creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits non-commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access pages (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage). |
spellingShingle | Review Article Brühl, Annette B. d’Angelo, Camilla Sahakian, Barbara J. Neuroethical issues in cognitive enhancement: Modafinil as the example of a workplace drug? |
title | Neuroethical issues in cognitive enhancement: Modafinil as the example of a workplace drug? |
title_full | Neuroethical issues in cognitive enhancement: Modafinil as the example of a workplace drug? |
title_fullStr | Neuroethical issues in cognitive enhancement: Modafinil as the example of a workplace drug? |
title_full_unstemmed | Neuroethical issues in cognitive enhancement: Modafinil as the example of a workplace drug? |
title_short | Neuroethical issues in cognitive enhancement: Modafinil as the example of a workplace drug? |
title_sort | neuroethical issues in cognitive enhancement: modafinil as the example of a workplace drug? |
topic | Review Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7058249/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32166175 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2398212818816018 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT bruhlannetteb neuroethicalissuesincognitiveenhancementmodafinilastheexampleofaworkplacedrug AT dangelocamilla neuroethicalissuesincognitiveenhancementmodafinilastheexampleofaworkplacedrug AT sahakianbarbaraj neuroethicalissuesincognitiveenhancementmodafinilastheexampleofaworkplacedrug |