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Outbreak of highly pathogenic avian influenza in Ghana, 2015: degree of losses and outcomes of time-course outbreak management

This retrospective study highlights the degree of losses and time-course through which the 2015 highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) outbreaks in Ghana were managed. A total of 102 760 birds from 35 farms across five regions in Ghana included in this study were affected. Out of this, 89.3% was f...

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Autores principales: Tasiame, W., Johnson, S., Burimuah, V., Akyereko, E., El-Duah, P., Amemor, E., Emikpe, B. O., Owiredu, E. W.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Cambridge University Press 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7058832/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32063239
http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S095026882000045X
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author Tasiame, W.
Johnson, S.
Burimuah, V.
Akyereko, E.
El-Duah, P.
Amemor, E.
Emikpe, B. O.
Owiredu, E. W.
author_facet Tasiame, W.
Johnson, S.
Burimuah, V.
Akyereko, E.
El-Duah, P.
Amemor, E.
Emikpe, B. O.
Owiredu, E. W.
author_sort Tasiame, W.
collection PubMed
description This retrospective study highlights the degree of losses and time-course through which the 2015 highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) outbreaks in Ghana were managed. A total of 102 760 birds from 35 farms across five regions in Ghana included in this study were affected. Out of this, 89.3% was from the Greater Accra region. Majority of the birds were culled (94.2%). Adult layers were most affected and destroyed (64.0%), followed by broilers (13.7%). Event initiation to reporting averaged 7.7 ± 1.3 days (range: 1–30 days). Laboratory confirmation to depopulation of birds averaged 2.2 ± 0.5 (0–15) days while depopulation to disinfection took 2.2 ± 0.7 (0–20) days. Overall, some farms took as long as 30 days to report the outbreak to the authorities, 15 days from confirmation to depopulation and 20 days from depopulation to disinfection. On average, outbreak management lasted 12.3 (2–43) days from event initiation to depopulation. The study reveals a significant number of avian losses and delays in HPAI reporting and management by the authorities in Ghana during the 2015 outbreak. This poses a high risk of spread to other farms and a threat to public health. Awareness creation for poultry farmers is necessary for early reporting, while further study is required to set thresholds for the management of such outbreaks by veterinary departments.
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spelling pubmed-70588322020-03-16 Outbreak of highly pathogenic avian influenza in Ghana, 2015: degree of losses and outcomes of time-course outbreak management Tasiame, W. Johnson, S. Burimuah, V. Akyereko, E. El-Duah, P. Amemor, E. Emikpe, B. O. Owiredu, E. W. Epidemiol Infect Original Paper This retrospective study highlights the degree of losses and time-course through which the 2015 highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) outbreaks in Ghana were managed. A total of 102 760 birds from 35 farms across five regions in Ghana included in this study were affected. Out of this, 89.3% was from the Greater Accra region. Majority of the birds were culled (94.2%). Adult layers were most affected and destroyed (64.0%), followed by broilers (13.7%). Event initiation to reporting averaged 7.7 ± 1.3 days (range: 1–30 days). Laboratory confirmation to depopulation of birds averaged 2.2 ± 0.5 (0–15) days while depopulation to disinfection took 2.2 ± 0.7 (0–20) days. Overall, some farms took as long as 30 days to report the outbreak to the authorities, 15 days from confirmation to depopulation and 20 days from depopulation to disinfection. On average, outbreak management lasted 12.3 (2–43) days from event initiation to depopulation. The study reveals a significant number of avian losses and delays in HPAI reporting and management by the authorities in Ghana during the 2015 outbreak. This poses a high risk of spread to other farms and a threat to public health. Awareness creation for poultry farmers is necessary for early reporting, while further study is required to set thresholds for the management of such outbreaks by veterinary departments. Cambridge University Press 2020-02-17 /pmc/articles/PMC7058832/ /pubmed/32063239 http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S095026882000045X Text en © The Author(s) 2020 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Original Paper
Tasiame, W.
Johnson, S.
Burimuah, V.
Akyereko, E.
El-Duah, P.
Amemor, E.
Emikpe, B. O.
Owiredu, E. W.
Outbreak of highly pathogenic avian influenza in Ghana, 2015: degree of losses and outcomes of time-course outbreak management
title Outbreak of highly pathogenic avian influenza in Ghana, 2015: degree of losses and outcomes of time-course outbreak management
title_full Outbreak of highly pathogenic avian influenza in Ghana, 2015: degree of losses and outcomes of time-course outbreak management
title_fullStr Outbreak of highly pathogenic avian influenza in Ghana, 2015: degree of losses and outcomes of time-course outbreak management
title_full_unstemmed Outbreak of highly pathogenic avian influenza in Ghana, 2015: degree of losses and outcomes of time-course outbreak management
title_short Outbreak of highly pathogenic avian influenza in Ghana, 2015: degree of losses and outcomes of time-course outbreak management
title_sort outbreak of highly pathogenic avian influenza in ghana, 2015: degree of losses and outcomes of time-course outbreak management
topic Original Paper
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7058832/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32063239
http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S095026882000045X
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