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Neuroprotective actions of cerebellar and pineal allopregnanolone on Purkinje cells
The brain produces steroids de novo from cholesterol, so‐called “neurosteroids.” The Purkinje cell, a cerebellar neuron, was discovered as a major site of the biosynthesis of neurosteroids including sex steroids, such as progesterone, from cholesterol in the brain. Allopregnanolone, a progesterone m...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
John Wiley and Sons Inc.
2020
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7059624/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32161904 http://dx.doi.org/10.1096/fba.2019-00055 |
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author | Tsutsui, Kazuyoshi Haraguchi, Shogo |
author_facet | Tsutsui, Kazuyoshi Haraguchi, Shogo |
author_sort | Tsutsui, Kazuyoshi |
collection | PubMed |
description | The brain produces steroids de novo from cholesterol, so‐called “neurosteroids.” The Purkinje cell, a cerebellar neuron, was discovered as a major site of the biosynthesis of neurosteroids including sex steroids, such as progesterone, from cholesterol in the brain. Allopregnanolone, a progesterone metabolite, is also synthesized in the cerebellum and acts on the Purkinje cell to prevent cell death of this neuron. Recently, the pineal gland was discovered as an important site of the biosynthesis of neurosteroids. Allopregnanolone, a major pineal neurosteroid, acts on the Purkinje cell for the survival of this neuron by suppressing the expression of caspase‐3, a crucial mediator of apoptosis. This review summarizes the discovery of cerebellar and pineal allopregnanolone and its neuroprotective action on Purkinje cells. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7059624 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | John Wiley and Sons Inc. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-70596242020-03-11 Neuroprotective actions of cerebellar and pineal allopregnanolone on Purkinje cells Tsutsui, Kazuyoshi Haraguchi, Shogo FASEB Bioadv Review Article The brain produces steroids de novo from cholesterol, so‐called “neurosteroids.” The Purkinje cell, a cerebellar neuron, was discovered as a major site of the biosynthesis of neurosteroids including sex steroids, such as progesterone, from cholesterol in the brain. Allopregnanolone, a progesterone metabolite, is also synthesized in the cerebellum and acts on the Purkinje cell to prevent cell death of this neuron. Recently, the pineal gland was discovered as an important site of the biosynthesis of neurosteroids. Allopregnanolone, a major pineal neurosteroid, acts on the Purkinje cell for the survival of this neuron by suppressing the expression of caspase‐3, a crucial mediator of apoptosis. This review summarizes the discovery of cerebellar and pineal allopregnanolone and its neuroprotective action on Purkinje cells. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2020-02-05 /pmc/articles/PMC7059624/ /pubmed/32161904 http://dx.doi.org/10.1096/fba.2019-00055 Text en © 2020 The Authors. This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Review Article Tsutsui, Kazuyoshi Haraguchi, Shogo Neuroprotective actions of cerebellar and pineal allopregnanolone on Purkinje cells |
title | Neuroprotective actions of cerebellar and pineal allopregnanolone on Purkinje cells |
title_full | Neuroprotective actions of cerebellar and pineal allopregnanolone on Purkinje cells |
title_fullStr | Neuroprotective actions of cerebellar and pineal allopregnanolone on Purkinje cells |
title_full_unstemmed | Neuroprotective actions of cerebellar and pineal allopregnanolone on Purkinje cells |
title_short | Neuroprotective actions of cerebellar and pineal allopregnanolone on Purkinje cells |
title_sort | neuroprotective actions of cerebellar and pineal allopregnanolone on purkinje cells |
topic | Review Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7059624/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32161904 http://dx.doi.org/10.1096/fba.2019-00055 |
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