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Enhanced Leaf Cooling Is a Pathway to Heat Tolerance in Common Bean

Common bean is the most consumed legume in the world and an important source of protein in Latin America, Eastern, and Southern Africa. It is grown in a variety of environments with mean air temperatures of between 14°C and 35°C and is more sensitive to high temperatures than other legumes. As globa...

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Autores principales: Deva, Chetan R., Urban, Milan O., Challinor, Andrew J., Falloon, Pete, Svitákova, Lenka
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7059850/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32180776
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2020.00019
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author Deva, Chetan R.
Urban, Milan O.
Challinor, Andrew J.
Falloon, Pete
Svitákova, Lenka
author_facet Deva, Chetan R.
Urban, Milan O.
Challinor, Andrew J.
Falloon, Pete
Svitákova, Lenka
author_sort Deva, Chetan R.
collection PubMed
description Common bean is the most consumed legume in the world and an important source of protein in Latin America, Eastern, and Southern Africa. It is grown in a variety of environments with mean air temperatures of between 14°C and 35°C and is more sensitive to high temperatures than other legumes. As global heating continues, breeding for heat tolerance in common bean is an urgent priority. Transpirational cooling has been shown to be an important mechanism for heat avoidance in many crops, and leaf cooling traits have been used to breed for both drought and heat tolerance. As yet, little is known about the magnitude of leaf cooling in common bean, nor whether this trait is functionally linked to heat tolerance. Accordingly, we explore the extent and genotypic variation of transpirational cooling in common bean. Our results show that leaf cooling is an important heat avoidance mechanism in common bean. On average, leaf temperatures are 5°C cooler than air temperatures, and can range from between 13°C cooler and 2°C warmer. We show that the magnitude of leaf cooling keeps leaf temperatures within a photosynthetically functional range. Heat tolerant genotypes cool more than heat sensitive genotypes and the magnitude of this difference increases at elevated temperatures. Furthermore, we find that differences in leaf cooling are largest at the top of the canopy where determinate bush beans are most sensitive to the impact of high temperatures during the flowering period. Our results suggest that heat tolerant genotypes cool more than heat sensitive genotypes as a result of higher stomatal conductance and enhanced transpirational cooling. We demonstrate that it is possible to accurately simulate the temperature of the leaf by genotype using only air temperature and relative humidity. Our work suggests that greater leaf cooling is a pathway to heat tolerance. Bean breeders can use the difference between air and leaf temperature to screen for genotypes with enhanced capacity for heat avoidance. Once evaluated for a particular target population of environments, breeders can use our model for modeling leaf temperatures by genotype to assess the value of selecting for cooler beans.
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spelling pubmed-70598502020-03-16 Enhanced Leaf Cooling Is a Pathway to Heat Tolerance in Common Bean Deva, Chetan R. Urban, Milan O. Challinor, Andrew J. Falloon, Pete Svitákova, Lenka Front Plant Sci Plant Science Common bean is the most consumed legume in the world and an important source of protein in Latin America, Eastern, and Southern Africa. It is grown in a variety of environments with mean air temperatures of between 14°C and 35°C and is more sensitive to high temperatures than other legumes. As global heating continues, breeding for heat tolerance in common bean is an urgent priority. Transpirational cooling has been shown to be an important mechanism for heat avoidance in many crops, and leaf cooling traits have been used to breed for both drought and heat tolerance. As yet, little is known about the magnitude of leaf cooling in common bean, nor whether this trait is functionally linked to heat tolerance. Accordingly, we explore the extent and genotypic variation of transpirational cooling in common bean. Our results show that leaf cooling is an important heat avoidance mechanism in common bean. On average, leaf temperatures are 5°C cooler than air temperatures, and can range from between 13°C cooler and 2°C warmer. We show that the magnitude of leaf cooling keeps leaf temperatures within a photosynthetically functional range. Heat tolerant genotypes cool more than heat sensitive genotypes and the magnitude of this difference increases at elevated temperatures. Furthermore, we find that differences in leaf cooling are largest at the top of the canopy where determinate bush beans are most sensitive to the impact of high temperatures during the flowering period. Our results suggest that heat tolerant genotypes cool more than heat sensitive genotypes as a result of higher stomatal conductance and enhanced transpirational cooling. We demonstrate that it is possible to accurately simulate the temperature of the leaf by genotype using only air temperature and relative humidity. Our work suggests that greater leaf cooling is a pathway to heat tolerance. Bean breeders can use the difference between air and leaf temperature to screen for genotypes with enhanced capacity for heat avoidance. Once evaluated for a particular target population of environments, breeders can use our model for modeling leaf temperatures by genotype to assess the value of selecting for cooler beans. Frontiers Media S.A. 2020-02-28 /pmc/articles/PMC7059850/ /pubmed/32180776 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2020.00019 Text en Copyright © 2020 Deva, Urban, Challinor, Falloon and Svitákova http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Plant Science
Deva, Chetan R.
Urban, Milan O.
Challinor, Andrew J.
Falloon, Pete
Svitákova, Lenka
Enhanced Leaf Cooling Is a Pathway to Heat Tolerance in Common Bean
title Enhanced Leaf Cooling Is a Pathway to Heat Tolerance in Common Bean
title_full Enhanced Leaf Cooling Is a Pathway to Heat Tolerance in Common Bean
title_fullStr Enhanced Leaf Cooling Is a Pathway to Heat Tolerance in Common Bean
title_full_unstemmed Enhanced Leaf Cooling Is a Pathway to Heat Tolerance in Common Bean
title_short Enhanced Leaf Cooling Is a Pathway to Heat Tolerance in Common Bean
title_sort enhanced leaf cooling is a pathway to heat tolerance in common bean
topic Plant Science
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7059850/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32180776
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2020.00019
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