Cargando…
The Effect of Light on Plastid Differentiation, Chlorophyll Biosynthesis, and Essential Oil Composition in Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) Leaves and Cotyledons
It is unclear whether light affects the structure and activity of exogenous secretory tissues like glandular hairs. Therefore, transmission electron microscopy was first used to study plastid differentiation in glandular hairs and leaves of light-grown rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis “Arp”) plants...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2020
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7063033/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32194595 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2020.00196 |
_version_ | 1783504630022406144 |
---|---|
author | Böszörményi, Andrea Dobi, Adrienn Skribanek, Anna Pávai, Melinda Solymosi, Katalin |
author_facet | Böszörményi, Andrea Dobi, Adrienn Skribanek, Anna Pávai, Melinda Solymosi, Katalin |
author_sort | Böszörményi, Andrea |
collection | PubMed |
description | It is unclear whether light affects the structure and activity of exogenous secretory tissues like glandular hairs. Therefore, transmission electron microscopy was first used to study plastid differentiation in glandular hairs and leaves of light-grown rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis “Arp”) plants kept for 2 weeks under ambient light conditions. During our detailed analyses, among others, we found leucoplasts with tubuloreticular membrane structures resembling prolamellar bodies in stalk cell plastids of peltate glandular hairs. To study the effect of darkness on plastid differentiation, we then dark-forced adult, light-grown rosemary plants for 2 weeks and observed occasionally the development of new shoots with elongated internodes and pale leaves on them. Absorption and fluorescence spectroscopic analyses of the chlorophyllous pigment contents, the native arrangement of the pigment-protein complexes and photosynthetic activity confirmed that the first and second pairs of leaf primordia of dark-forced shoots were partially etiolated (contained low amounts of protochlorophyll/ide and residual chlorophylls, had etio-chloroplasts with prolamellar bodies and low grana, and impaired photosynthesis). Darkness did not influence plastid structure in fifth leaves or secretory tissues (except for head cells of peltate glandular hairs in which rarely tubuloreticular membranes appeared). The mesophyll cells of cotyledons of 2-week-old dark-germinated rosemary seedlings contained etioplasts with highly regular prolamellar bodies similar to those in mesophyll etio-chloroplasts of leaves and clearly differing from tubuloreticular membranes of secretory cells. Analyses of the essential oil composition obtained after solid phase microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy showed that in addition to light, the age of the studied organ (i.e., first leaf primordia and leaf tip vs. fifth, fully developed green leaves) and the type of the organ (cotyledon vs. leaves) also strongly influenced the essential oil composition. Therefore, light conditions and developmental stage are both important factors to be considered in case of potential therapeutic, culinary or aromatic uses of rosemary leaves and their essential oils. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7063033 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-70630332020-03-19 The Effect of Light on Plastid Differentiation, Chlorophyll Biosynthesis, and Essential Oil Composition in Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) Leaves and Cotyledons Böszörményi, Andrea Dobi, Adrienn Skribanek, Anna Pávai, Melinda Solymosi, Katalin Front Plant Sci Plant Science It is unclear whether light affects the structure and activity of exogenous secretory tissues like glandular hairs. Therefore, transmission electron microscopy was first used to study plastid differentiation in glandular hairs and leaves of light-grown rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis “Arp”) plants kept for 2 weeks under ambient light conditions. During our detailed analyses, among others, we found leucoplasts with tubuloreticular membrane structures resembling prolamellar bodies in stalk cell plastids of peltate glandular hairs. To study the effect of darkness on plastid differentiation, we then dark-forced adult, light-grown rosemary plants for 2 weeks and observed occasionally the development of new shoots with elongated internodes and pale leaves on them. Absorption and fluorescence spectroscopic analyses of the chlorophyllous pigment contents, the native arrangement of the pigment-protein complexes and photosynthetic activity confirmed that the first and second pairs of leaf primordia of dark-forced shoots were partially etiolated (contained low amounts of protochlorophyll/ide and residual chlorophylls, had etio-chloroplasts with prolamellar bodies and low grana, and impaired photosynthesis). Darkness did not influence plastid structure in fifth leaves or secretory tissues (except for head cells of peltate glandular hairs in which rarely tubuloreticular membranes appeared). The mesophyll cells of cotyledons of 2-week-old dark-germinated rosemary seedlings contained etioplasts with highly regular prolamellar bodies similar to those in mesophyll etio-chloroplasts of leaves and clearly differing from tubuloreticular membranes of secretory cells. Analyses of the essential oil composition obtained after solid phase microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy showed that in addition to light, the age of the studied organ (i.e., first leaf primordia and leaf tip vs. fifth, fully developed green leaves) and the type of the organ (cotyledon vs. leaves) also strongly influenced the essential oil composition. Therefore, light conditions and developmental stage are both important factors to be considered in case of potential therapeutic, culinary or aromatic uses of rosemary leaves and their essential oils. Frontiers Media S.A. 2020-03-03 /pmc/articles/PMC7063033/ /pubmed/32194595 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2020.00196 Text en Copyright © 2020 Böszörményi, Dobi, Skribanek, Pávai and Solymosi. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Plant Science Böszörményi, Andrea Dobi, Adrienn Skribanek, Anna Pávai, Melinda Solymosi, Katalin The Effect of Light on Plastid Differentiation, Chlorophyll Biosynthesis, and Essential Oil Composition in Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) Leaves and Cotyledons |
title | The Effect of Light on Plastid Differentiation, Chlorophyll Biosynthesis, and Essential Oil Composition in Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) Leaves and Cotyledons |
title_full | The Effect of Light on Plastid Differentiation, Chlorophyll Biosynthesis, and Essential Oil Composition in Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) Leaves and Cotyledons |
title_fullStr | The Effect of Light on Plastid Differentiation, Chlorophyll Biosynthesis, and Essential Oil Composition in Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) Leaves and Cotyledons |
title_full_unstemmed | The Effect of Light on Plastid Differentiation, Chlorophyll Biosynthesis, and Essential Oil Composition in Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) Leaves and Cotyledons |
title_short | The Effect of Light on Plastid Differentiation, Chlorophyll Biosynthesis, and Essential Oil Composition in Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) Leaves and Cotyledons |
title_sort | effect of light on plastid differentiation, chlorophyll biosynthesis, and essential oil composition in rosemary (rosmarinus officinalis) leaves and cotyledons |
topic | Plant Science |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7063033/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32194595 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2020.00196 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT boszormenyiandrea theeffectoflightonplastiddifferentiationchlorophyllbiosynthesisandessentialoilcompositioninrosemaryrosmarinusofficinalisleavesandcotyledons AT dobiadrienn theeffectoflightonplastiddifferentiationchlorophyllbiosynthesisandessentialoilcompositioninrosemaryrosmarinusofficinalisleavesandcotyledons AT skribanekanna theeffectoflightonplastiddifferentiationchlorophyllbiosynthesisandessentialoilcompositioninrosemaryrosmarinusofficinalisleavesandcotyledons AT pavaimelinda theeffectoflightonplastiddifferentiationchlorophyllbiosynthesisandessentialoilcompositioninrosemaryrosmarinusofficinalisleavesandcotyledons AT solymosikatalin theeffectoflightonplastiddifferentiationchlorophyllbiosynthesisandessentialoilcompositioninrosemaryrosmarinusofficinalisleavesandcotyledons AT boszormenyiandrea effectoflightonplastiddifferentiationchlorophyllbiosynthesisandessentialoilcompositioninrosemaryrosmarinusofficinalisleavesandcotyledons AT dobiadrienn effectoflightonplastiddifferentiationchlorophyllbiosynthesisandessentialoilcompositioninrosemaryrosmarinusofficinalisleavesandcotyledons AT skribanekanna effectoflightonplastiddifferentiationchlorophyllbiosynthesisandessentialoilcompositioninrosemaryrosmarinusofficinalisleavesandcotyledons AT pavaimelinda effectoflightonplastiddifferentiationchlorophyllbiosynthesisandessentialoilcompositioninrosemaryrosmarinusofficinalisleavesandcotyledons AT solymosikatalin effectoflightonplastiddifferentiationchlorophyllbiosynthesisandessentialoilcompositioninrosemaryrosmarinusofficinalisleavesandcotyledons |