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The association between adolescent football participation and early adulthood depression
Concerned about potentially increased risk of neurodegenerative disease, several health professionals and policy makers have proposed limiting or banning youth participation in American-style tackle football. Given the large affected population (over 1 million boys play high school football annually...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Public Library of Science
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7064245/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32155206 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0229978 |
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author | Deshpande, Sameer K. Hasegawa, Raiden B. Weiss, Jordan Small, Dylan S. |
author_facet | Deshpande, Sameer K. Hasegawa, Raiden B. Weiss, Jordan Small, Dylan S. |
author_sort | Deshpande, Sameer K. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Concerned about potentially increased risk of neurodegenerative disease, several health professionals and policy makers have proposed limiting or banning youth participation in American-style tackle football. Given the large affected population (over 1 million boys play high school football annually), careful estimation of the long-term health effects of playing football is necessary for developing effective public health policy. Unfortunately, existing attempts to estimate these effects tend not to generalize to current participants because they either studied a much older cohort or, more seriously, failed to account for potential confounding. We leverage data from a nationally representative cohort of American men who were in grades 7–12 in the 1994–95 school year to estimate the effect of playing football in adolescent on depression in early adulthood. We control for several potential confounders related to subjects’ health, behavior, educational experience, family background, and family health history through matching and regression adjustment. We found no evidence of even a small harmful effect of football participation on scores on a version of the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression scale (CES-D) nor did we find evidence of adverse associations with several secondary outcomes including anxiety disorder diagnosis or alcohol dependence in early adulthood. For men who were in grades 7–12 in the 1994–95 school year, participating or intending to participate in school football does not appear to be a major risk factor for early adulthood depression. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7064245 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-70642452020-03-23 The association between adolescent football participation and early adulthood depression Deshpande, Sameer K. Hasegawa, Raiden B. Weiss, Jordan Small, Dylan S. PLoS One Research Article Concerned about potentially increased risk of neurodegenerative disease, several health professionals and policy makers have proposed limiting or banning youth participation in American-style tackle football. Given the large affected population (over 1 million boys play high school football annually), careful estimation of the long-term health effects of playing football is necessary for developing effective public health policy. Unfortunately, existing attempts to estimate these effects tend not to generalize to current participants because they either studied a much older cohort or, more seriously, failed to account for potential confounding. We leverage data from a nationally representative cohort of American men who were in grades 7–12 in the 1994–95 school year to estimate the effect of playing football in adolescent on depression in early adulthood. We control for several potential confounders related to subjects’ health, behavior, educational experience, family background, and family health history through matching and regression adjustment. We found no evidence of even a small harmful effect of football participation on scores on a version of the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression scale (CES-D) nor did we find evidence of adverse associations with several secondary outcomes including anxiety disorder diagnosis or alcohol dependence in early adulthood. For men who were in grades 7–12 in the 1994–95 school year, participating or intending to participate in school football does not appear to be a major risk factor for early adulthood depression. Public Library of Science 2020-03-10 /pmc/articles/PMC7064245/ /pubmed/32155206 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0229978 Text en © 2020 Deshpande et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Deshpande, Sameer K. Hasegawa, Raiden B. Weiss, Jordan Small, Dylan S. The association between adolescent football participation and early adulthood depression |
title | The association between adolescent football participation and early adulthood depression |
title_full | The association between adolescent football participation and early adulthood depression |
title_fullStr | The association between adolescent football participation and early adulthood depression |
title_full_unstemmed | The association between adolescent football participation and early adulthood depression |
title_short | The association between adolescent football participation and early adulthood depression |
title_sort | association between adolescent football participation and early adulthood depression |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7064245/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32155206 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0229978 |
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