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Can education be personalised using pupils’ genetic data?

The increasing predictive power of polygenic scores for education has led to their promotion by some as a potential tool for genetically informed policy. How accurately polygenic scores predict an individual pupil's educational performance conditional on other phenotypic data is however not wel...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Morris, Tim T, Davies, Neil M, Davey Smith, George
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7064332/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32151313
http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.49962
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author Morris, Tim T
Davies, Neil M
Davey Smith, George
author_facet Morris, Tim T
Davies, Neil M
Davey Smith, George
author_sort Morris, Tim T
collection PubMed
description The increasing predictive power of polygenic scores for education has led to their promotion by some as a potential tool for genetically informed policy. How accurately polygenic scores predict an individual pupil's educational performance conditional on other phenotypic data is however not well understood. Using data from a UK cohort study with data linkage to national schooling records, we investigated how accurately polygenic scores for education predicted pupils’ test score achievement. We also assessed the performance of polygenic scores over and above phenotypic data that are available to schools. Across our sample, there was high overlap between the polygenic score and achievement distributions, leading to poor predictive accuracy at the individual level. Prediction of educational outcomes from polygenic scores were inferior to those from parental socioeconomic factors. Conditional on prior achievement, polygenic scores failed to accurately predict later achievement. Our results suggest that while polygenic scores can be informative for identifying group level differences, they currently have limited use for accurately predicting individual educational performance or for personalised education.
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spelling pubmed-70643322020-03-11 Can education be personalised using pupils’ genetic data? Morris, Tim T Davies, Neil M Davey Smith, George eLife Genetics and Genomics The increasing predictive power of polygenic scores for education has led to their promotion by some as a potential tool for genetically informed policy. How accurately polygenic scores predict an individual pupil's educational performance conditional on other phenotypic data is however not well understood. Using data from a UK cohort study with data linkage to national schooling records, we investigated how accurately polygenic scores for education predicted pupils’ test score achievement. We also assessed the performance of polygenic scores over and above phenotypic data that are available to schools. Across our sample, there was high overlap between the polygenic score and achievement distributions, leading to poor predictive accuracy at the individual level. Prediction of educational outcomes from polygenic scores were inferior to those from parental socioeconomic factors. Conditional on prior achievement, polygenic scores failed to accurately predict later achievement. Our results suggest that while polygenic scores can be informative for identifying group level differences, they currently have limited use for accurately predicting individual educational performance or for personalised education. eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd 2020-03-10 /pmc/articles/PMC7064332/ /pubmed/32151313 http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.49962 Text en © 2020, Morris et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use and redistribution provided that the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Genetics and Genomics
Morris, Tim T
Davies, Neil M
Davey Smith, George
Can education be personalised using pupils’ genetic data?
title Can education be personalised using pupils’ genetic data?
title_full Can education be personalised using pupils’ genetic data?
title_fullStr Can education be personalised using pupils’ genetic data?
title_full_unstemmed Can education be personalised using pupils’ genetic data?
title_short Can education be personalised using pupils’ genetic data?
title_sort can education be personalised using pupils’ genetic data?
topic Genetics and Genomics
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7064332/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32151313
http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.49962
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