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Public Health and Paediatric Risk Assessment of Aluminium, Arsenic and Mercury in Infant Formulas Marketed in Nigeria

OBJECTIVES: Infant formulas are useful alternatives to breast milk in many circumstances but may pose health risks to infants and children due to contamination by potentially toxic metals. This study aimed to determine the aluminium, arsenic and mercury concentrations and carry out an exposure healt...

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Autores principales: Igweze, Zelinjo N., Ekhator, Osazuwa C., Nwaogazie, Ify, Orisakwe, Orish E.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal, College of Medicine & Health Sciences 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7065688/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32190371
http://dx.doi.org/10.18295/squmj.2020.20.01.009
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author Igweze, Zelinjo N.
Ekhator, Osazuwa C.
Nwaogazie, Ify
Orisakwe, Orish E.
author_facet Igweze, Zelinjo N.
Ekhator, Osazuwa C.
Nwaogazie, Ify
Orisakwe, Orish E.
author_sort Igweze, Zelinjo N.
collection PubMed
description OBJECTIVES: Infant formulas are useful alternatives to breast milk in many circumstances but may pose health risks to infants and children due to contamination by potentially toxic metals. This study aimed to determine the aluminium, arsenic and mercury concentrations and carry out an exposure health risk assessment in commonly consumed infant formulas in Nigeria. METHODS: Different brands of both locally manufactured and imported infant formulas were purchased in March 2017 from stores in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. Analysis of metals in the samples was performed by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The health risk was assessed by comparing estimated daily intake of aluminium, arsenic and mercury with the provisional tolerable daily intake acceptable by the Joint Food and Agricultural Organization/World Health Organization Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA). RESULTS: A total of 26 infant formulas were analysed. The levels of arsenic were higher in cereal-based formulas compared to milk-based formulas, but the difference was not significant (P >0.05). The intake levels of aluminium, arsenic and mercury in infant formulas were found to be 8.02–14.2%, 437.1–771% and 23.7–41.8% of the provisional tolerable daily intake JECFA threshold values, respectively. CONCLUSION: Commonly consumed infant formulas in Nigeria may add to the body burden of arsenic in children.
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spelling pubmed-70656882020-03-18 Public Health and Paediatric Risk Assessment of Aluminium, Arsenic and Mercury in Infant Formulas Marketed in Nigeria Igweze, Zelinjo N. Ekhator, Osazuwa C. Nwaogazie, Ify Orisakwe, Orish E. Sultan Qaboos Univ Med J Clinical & Basic Research OBJECTIVES: Infant formulas are useful alternatives to breast milk in many circumstances but may pose health risks to infants and children due to contamination by potentially toxic metals. This study aimed to determine the aluminium, arsenic and mercury concentrations and carry out an exposure health risk assessment in commonly consumed infant formulas in Nigeria. METHODS: Different brands of both locally manufactured and imported infant formulas were purchased in March 2017 from stores in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. Analysis of metals in the samples was performed by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The health risk was assessed by comparing estimated daily intake of aluminium, arsenic and mercury with the provisional tolerable daily intake acceptable by the Joint Food and Agricultural Organization/World Health Organization Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA). RESULTS: A total of 26 infant formulas were analysed. The levels of arsenic were higher in cereal-based formulas compared to milk-based formulas, but the difference was not significant (P >0.05). The intake levels of aluminium, arsenic and mercury in infant formulas were found to be 8.02–14.2%, 437.1–771% and 23.7–41.8% of the provisional tolerable daily intake JECFA threshold values, respectively. CONCLUSION: Commonly consumed infant formulas in Nigeria may add to the body burden of arsenic in children. Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal, College of Medicine & Health Sciences 2020-02 2020-03-09 /pmc/articles/PMC7065688/ /pubmed/32190371 http://dx.doi.org/10.18295/squmj.2020.20.01.009 Text en © Copyright 2020, Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal, All Rights Reserved This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Clinical & Basic Research
Igweze, Zelinjo N.
Ekhator, Osazuwa C.
Nwaogazie, Ify
Orisakwe, Orish E.
Public Health and Paediatric Risk Assessment of Aluminium, Arsenic and Mercury in Infant Formulas Marketed in Nigeria
title Public Health and Paediatric Risk Assessment of Aluminium, Arsenic and Mercury in Infant Formulas Marketed in Nigeria
title_full Public Health and Paediatric Risk Assessment of Aluminium, Arsenic and Mercury in Infant Formulas Marketed in Nigeria
title_fullStr Public Health and Paediatric Risk Assessment of Aluminium, Arsenic and Mercury in Infant Formulas Marketed in Nigeria
title_full_unstemmed Public Health and Paediatric Risk Assessment of Aluminium, Arsenic and Mercury in Infant Formulas Marketed in Nigeria
title_short Public Health and Paediatric Risk Assessment of Aluminium, Arsenic and Mercury in Infant Formulas Marketed in Nigeria
title_sort public health and paediatric risk assessment of aluminium, arsenic and mercury in infant formulas marketed in nigeria
topic Clinical & Basic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7065688/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32190371
http://dx.doi.org/10.18295/squmj.2020.20.01.009
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