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Landscape of gene expression variation of natural isolates of Cryptococcus neoformans in response to biologically relevant stresses

Cryptococcus neoformans is an opportunistic fungal pathogen that at its peak epidemic levels caused an estimated million cases of cryptococcal meningitis per year worldwide. This species can grow in diverse environmental (trees, soil and bird excreta) and host niches (intracellular microenvironments...

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Autores principales: Yu, Chen-Hsin, Chen, Yuan, Desjardins, Christopher A., Tenor, Jennifer L., Toffaletti, Dena L., Giamberardino, Charles, Litvintseva, Anastasia, Perfect, John R., Cuomo, Christina A.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Microbiology Society 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7067042/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31860441
http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/mgen.0.000319
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author Yu, Chen-Hsin
Chen, Yuan
Desjardins, Christopher A.
Tenor, Jennifer L.
Toffaletti, Dena L.
Giamberardino, Charles
Litvintseva, Anastasia
Perfect, John R.
Cuomo, Christina A.
author_facet Yu, Chen-Hsin
Chen, Yuan
Desjardins, Christopher A.
Tenor, Jennifer L.
Toffaletti, Dena L.
Giamberardino, Charles
Litvintseva, Anastasia
Perfect, John R.
Cuomo, Christina A.
author_sort Yu, Chen-Hsin
collection PubMed
description Cryptococcus neoformans is an opportunistic fungal pathogen that at its peak epidemic levels caused an estimated million cases of cryptococcal meningitis per year worldwide. This species can grow in diverse environmental (trees, soil and bird excreta) and host niches (intracellular microenvironments of phagocytes and free-living in host tissues). The genetic basic for adaptation to these different conditions is not well characterized, as most experimental work has relied on a single reference strain of C. neoformans. To identify genes important for yeast infection and disease progression, we profiled the gene expression of seven C. neoformans isolates grown in five representative in vitro environmental and in vivo conditions. We characterized gene expression differences using RNA-Seq (RNA sequencing), comparing clinical and environmental isolates from two of the major lineages of this species, VNI and VNBI. These comparisons highlighted genes showing lineage-specific expression that are enriched in subtelomeric regions and in lineage-specific gene clusters. By contrast, we find few expression differences between clinical and environmental isolates from the same lineage. Gene expression specific to in vivo stages reflects available nutrients and stresses, with an increase in fungal metabolism within macrophages, and an induction of ribosomal and heat-shock gene expression within the subarachnoid space. This study provides the widest view to date of the transcriptome variation of C. neoformans across natural isolates, and provides insights into genes important for in vitro and in vivo growth stages.
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spelling pubmed-70670422020-03-17 Landscape of gene expression variation of natural isolates of Cryptococcus neoformans in response to biologically relevant stresses Yu, Chen-Hsin Chen, Yuan Desjardins, Christopher A. Tenor, Jennifer L. Toffaletti, Dena L. Giamberardino, Charles Litvintseva, Anastasia Perfect, John R. Cuomo, Christina A. Microb Genom Research Article Cryptococcus neoformans is an opportunistic fungal pathogen that at its peak epidemic levels caused an estimated million cases of cryptococcal meningitis per year worldwide. This species can grow in diverse environmental (trees, soil and bird excreta) and host niches (intracellular microenvironments of phagocytes and free-living in host tissues). The genetic basic for adaptation to these different conditions is not well characterized, as most experimental work has relied on a single reference strain of C. neoformans. To identify genes important for yeast infection and disease progression, we profiled the gene expression of seven C. neoformans isolates grown in five representative in vitro environmental and in vivo conditions. We characterized gene expression differences using RNA-Seq (RNA sequencing), comparing clinical and environmental isolates from two of the major lineages of this species, VNI and VNBI. These comparisons highlighted genes showing lineage-specific expression that are enriched in subtelomeric regions and in lineage-specific gene clusters. By contrast, we find few expression differences between clinical and environmental isolates from the same lineage. Gene expression specific to in vivo stages reflects available nutrients and stresses, with an increase in fungal metabolism within macrophages, and an induction of ribosomal and heat-shock gene expression within the subarachnoid space. This study provides the widest view to date of the transcriptome variation of C. neoformans across natural isolates, and provides insights into genes important for in vitro and in vivo growth stages. Microbiology Society 2019-12-20 /pmc/articles/PMC7067042/ /pubmed/31860441 http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/mgen.0.000319 Text en © 2020 The Authors http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License.
spellingShingle Research Article
Yu, Chen-Hsin
Chen, Yuan
Desjardins, Christopher A.
Tenor, Jennifer L.
Toffaletti, Dena L.
Giamberardino, Charles
Litvintseva, Anastasia
Perfect, John R.
Cuomo, Christina A.
Landscape of gene expression variation of natural isolates of Cryptococcus neoformans in response to biologically relevant stresses
title Landscape of gene expression variation of natural isolates of Cryptococcus neoformans in response to biologically relevant stresses
title_full Landscape of gene expression variation of natural isolates of Cryptococcus neoformans in response to biologically relevant stresses
title_fullStr Landscape of gene expression variation of natural isolates of Cryptococcus neoformans in response to biologically relevant stresses
title_full_unstemmed Landscape of gene expression variation of natural isolates of Cryptococcus neoformans in response to biologically relevant stresses
title_short Landscape of gene expression variation of natural isolates of Cryptococcus neoformans in response to biologically relevant stresses
title_sort landscape of gene expression variation of natural isolates of cryptococcus neoformans in response to biologically relevant stresses
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7067042/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31860441
http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/mgen.0.000319
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