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High expression of Helicobacter pylori VapD in both the intracellular environment and biopsies from gastric patients with severity
Helicobacter pylori is a Gram-negative bacterium that causes chronic atrophic gastritis and peptic ulcers and it has been associated with the development of gastric adenocarcinoma and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT). One of the more remarkable characteristics of H. pylori is its ability to...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Public Library of Science
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7067408/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32163505 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0230220 |
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author | Morales-Espinosa, Rosario Delgado, Gabriela Serrano, Luis-Roberto Castillo, Elizabeth Santiago, Carlos A. Hernández-Castro, Rigoberto Gonzalez-Pedraza, Alberto Mendez, Jose L. Mundo-Gallardo, Luis F. Manzo-Merino, Joaquín Ayala, Sergio Cravioto, Alejandro |
author_facet | Morales-Espinosa, Rosario Delgado, Gabriela Serrano, Luis-Roberto Castillo, Elizabeth Santiago, Carlos A. Hernández-Castro, Rigoberto Gonzalez-Pedraza, Alberto Mendez, Jose L. Mundo-Gallardo, Luis F. Manzo-Merino, Joaquín Ayala, Sergio Cravioto, Alejandro |
author_sort | Morales-Espinosa, Rosario |
collection | PubMed |
description | Helicobacter pylori is a Gram-negative bacterium that causes chronic atrophic gastritis and peptic ulcers and it has been associated with the development of gastric adenocarcinoma and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT). One of the more remarkable characteristics of H. pylori is its ability to survive in the hostile environment of the stomach. H. pylori regulates the expression of specific sets of genes allowing it to survive high acidity levels and nutrient scarcity. In the present study, we determined the expression of virulence associated protein D (VapD) of H. pylori inside adenocarcinoma gastric (AGS) cells and in gastric biopsies. Using qRT-PCR, VapD expression was quantified in intracellular H. pylori-AGS cell cultures at different time points and in gastric mucosa biopsies from patients suffering from chronic atrophic gastritis, follicular gastritis, peptic ulcers, gastritis precancerous intestinal metaplasia and adenocarcinoma. Our results show that vapD of H. pylori presented high transcription levels inside AGS cells, which increased up to two-fold above basal values across all assays over time. Inside AGS cells, H. pylori acquired a coccoid form that is metabolically active in expressing VapD as a protection mechanism, thereby maintaining its permanence in a viable non-cultivable state. VapD of H. pylori was expressed in all gastric biopsies, however, higher expression levels (p = 0.029) were observed in gastric antrum biopsies from patients with follicular gastritis. The highest VapD expression levels were found in both antrum and corpus gastric biopsies from older patients (>57 years old). We observed that VapD in H. pylori is a protein that is only produced in response to interactions with eukaryotic cells. Our results suggest that VapD contributes to the persistence of H. pylori inside the gastric epithelial cells, protecting the microorganism from the intracellular environment, reducing its growth rate, enabling long-term infection and treatment resistance. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7067408 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-70674082020-03-23 High expression of Helicobacter pylori VapD in both the intracellular environment and biopsies from gastric patients with severity Morales-Espinosa, Rosario Delgado, Gabriela Serrano, Luis-Roberto Castillo, Elizabeth Santiago, Carlos A. Hernández-Castro, Rigoberto Gonzalez-Pedraza, Alberto Mendez, Jose L. Mundo-Gallardo, Luis F. Manzo-Merino, Joaquín Ayala, Sergio Cravioto, Alejandro PLoS One Research Article Helicobacter pylori is a Gram-negative bacterium that causes chronic atrophic gastritis and peptic ulcers and it has been associated with the development of gastric adenocarcinoma and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT). One of the more remarkable characteristics of H. pylori is its ability to survive in the hostile environment of the stomach. H. pylori regulates the expression of specific sets of genes allowing it to survive high acidity levels and nutrient scarcity. In the present study, we determined the expression of virulence associated protein D (VapD) of H. pylori inside adenocarcinoma gastric (AGS) cells and in gastric biopsies. Using qRT-PCR, VapD expression was quantified in intracellular H. pylori-AGS cell cultures at different time points and in gastric mucosa biopsies from patients suffering from chronic atrophic gastritis, follicular gastritis, peptic ulcers, gastritis precancerous intestinal metaplasia and adenocarcinoma. Our results show that vapD of H. pylori presented high transcription levels inside AGS cells, which increased up to two-fold above basal values across all assays over time. Inside AGS cells, H. pylori acquired a coccoid form that is metabolically active in expressing VapD as a protection mechanism, thereby maintaining its permanence in a viable non-cultivable state. VapD of H. pylori was expressed in all gastric biopsies, however, higher expression levels (p = 0.029) were observed in gastric antrum biopsies from patients with follicular gastritis. The highest VapD expression levels were found in both antrum and corpus gastric biopsies from older patients (>57 years old). We observed that VapD in H. pylori is a protein that is only produced in response to interactions with eukaryotic cells. Our results suggest that VapD contributes to the persistence of H. pylori inside the gastric epithelial cells, protecting the microorganism from the intracellular environment, reducing its growth rate, enabling long-term infection and treatment resistance. Public Library of Science 2020-03-12 /pmc/articles/PMC7067408/ /pubmed/32163505 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0230220 Text en © 2020 Morales-Espinosa et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Morales-Espinosa, Rosario Delgado, Gabriela Serrano, Luis-Roberto Castillo, Elizabeth Santiago, Carlos A. Hernández-Castro, Rigoberto Gonzalez-Pedraza, Alberto Mendez, Jose L. Mundo-Gallardo, Luis F. Manzo-Merino, Joaquín Ayala, Sergio Cravioto, Alejandro High expression of Helicobacter pylori VapD in both the intracellular environment and biopsies from gastric patients with severity |
title | High expression of Helicobacter pylori VapD in both the intracellular environment and biopsies from gastric patients with severity |
title_full | High expression of Helicobacter pylori VapD in both the intracellular environment and biopsies from gastric patients with severity |
title_fullStr | High expression of Helicobacter pylori VapD in both the intracellular environment and biopsies from gastric patients with severity |
title_full_unstemmed | High expression of Helicobacter pylori VapD in both the intracellular environment and biopsies from gastric patients with severity |
title_short | High expression of Helicobacter pylori VapD in both the intracellular environment and biopsies from gastric patients with severity |
title_sort | high expression of helicobacter pylori vapd in both the intracellular environment and biopsies from gastric patients with severity |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7067408/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32163505 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0230220 |
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