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Development of a Resonant Microwave Sensor for Sediment Density Characterization
In this study, a sensor based on the development of a planar antenna immersed in sediments dedicated to water content monitoring in this type of material is proposed and experimentally validated. It is produced by a conventional Printed Circuit Board (PCB) manufacturing process on a double-sided met...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7070468/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32075308 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20041058 |
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author | Mansour, R. Rioual, S. Lescop, B. Talbot, P. Abboud, M. Farah, W. Tanné, G. |
author_facet | Mansour, R. Rioual, S. Lescop, B. Talbot, P. Abboud, M. Farah, W. Tanné, G. |
author_sort | Mansour, R. |
collection | PubMed |
description | In this study, a sensor based on the development of a planar antenna immersed in sediments dedicated to water content monitoring in this type of material is proposed and experimentally validated. It is produced by a conventional Printed Circuit Board (PCB) manufacturing process on a double-sided metalized FR4 substrate. The sensitivity of the sensor is ensured by the variation of the real part of the complex dielectric permittivity of sediments with water content at around 1 GHz. As shown, in this frequency range, electrode polarization and Maxwell–Wagner polarization effects become negligible, leading to only a bulk water polarization sensitivity. The sensor operates in the reflection mode by monitoring the variation of the resonant frequency as a function of the sediment density through the S(11) reflection measurements. An experimental sensitivity of [Formula: see text] was achieved. Despite the simplification of data interpretation at the considered frequency, the influence of ionic species such as NaCl in sediments on the real part of the relative complex dielectric permittivity is highlighted. This demonstrates the importance of considering a second parameter such as the S(11) level at low frequency or the electrical conductivity to extract the density from the frequency measurements. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7070468 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-70704682020-03-19 Development of a Resonant Microwave Sensor for Sediment Density Characterization Mansour, R. Rioual, S. Lescop, B. Talbot, P. Abboud, M. Farah, W. Tanné, G. Sensors (Basel) Article In this study, a sensor based on the development of a planar antenna immersed in sediments dedicated to water content monitoring in this type of material is proposed and experimentally validated. It is produced by a conventional Printed Circuit Board (PCB) manufacturing process on a double-sided metalized FR4 substrate. The sensitivity of the sensor is ensured by the variation of the real part of the complex dielectric permittivity of sediments with water content at around 1 GHz. As shown, in this frequency range, electrode polarization and Maxwell–Wagner polarization effects become negligible, leading to only a bulk water polarization sensitivity. The sensor operates in the reflection mode by monitoring the variation of the resonant frequency as a function of the sediment density through the S(11) reflection measurements. An experimental sensitivity of [Formula: see text] was achieved. Despite the simplification of data interpretation at the considered frequency, the influence of ionic species such as NaCl in sediments on the real part of the relative complex dielectric permittivity is highlighted. This demonstrates the importance of considering a second parameter such as the S(11) level at low frequency or the electrical conductivity to extract the density from the frequency measurements. MDPI 2020-02-15 /pmc/articles/PMC7070468/ /pubmed/32075308 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20041058 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Mansour, R. Rioual, S. Lescop, B. Talbot, P. Abboud, M. Farah, W. Tanné, G. Development of a Resonant Microwave Sensor for Sediment Density Characterization |
title | Development of a Resonant Microwave Sensor for Sediment Density Characterization |
title_full | Development of a Resonant Microwave Sensor for Sediment Density Characterization |
title_fullStr | Development of a Resonant Microwave Sensor for Sediment Density Characterization |
title_full_unstemmed | Development of a Resonant Microwave Sensor for Sediment Density Characterization |
title_short | Development of a Resonant Microwave Sensor for Sediment Density Characterization |
title_sort | development of a resonant microwave sensor for sediment density characterization |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7070468/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32075308 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20041058 |
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