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Molecular Modeling of Epithiospecifier and Nitrile-Specifier Proteins of Broccoli and Their Interaction with Aglycones
Glucosinolates are secondary plant metabolites of Brassicaceae. They exert their effect after enzymatic hydrolysis to yield aglycones, which become nitriles and epithionitriles through the action of epithiospecifier (ESP) and nitrile-specifier proteins (NSP). The mechanism of action of broccoli ESP...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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MDPI
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7071048/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32054008 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25040772 |
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author | Román, Juan González, Dorian Inostroza-Ponta, Mario Mahn, Andrea |
author_facet | Román, Juan González, Dorian Inostroza-Ponta, Mario Mahn, Andrea |
author_sort | Román, Juan |
collection | PubMed |
description | Glucosinolates are secondary plant metabolites of Brassicaceae. They exert their effect after enzymatic hydrolysis to yield aglycones, which become nitriles and epithionitriles through the action of epithiospecifier (ESP) and nitrile-specifier proteins (NSP). The mechanism of action of broccoli ESP and NSP is poorly understood mainly because ESP and NSP structures have not been completely characterized and because aglycones are unstable, thus hindering experimental measurements. The aim of this work was to investigate the interaction of broccoli ESP and NSP with the aglycones derived from broccoli glucosinolates using molecular simulations. The three-dimensional structure of broccoli ESP was built based on its amino-acid sequence, and the NSP structure was constructed based on a consensus amino-acid sequence. The models obtained using Iterative Threading ASSEmbly Refinement (I-TASSER) were refined with the OPLS-AA/L all atom force field of GROMACS 5.0.7 and were validated by Veryfy3D and ERRAT. The structures were selected based on molecular dynamics simulations. Interactions between the proteins and aglycones were simulated with Autodock Vina at different pH. It was concluded that pH determines the stability of the complexes and that the aglycone derived from glucoraphanin has the highest affinity to both ESP and NSP. This agrees with the fact that glucoraphanin is the most abundant glucosinolate in broccoli florets. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7071048 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-70710482020-03-19 Molecular Modeling of Epithiospecifier and Nitrile-Specifier Proteins of Broccoli and Their Interaction with Aglycones Román, Juan González, Dorian Inostroza-Ponta, Mario Mahn, Andrea Molecules Article Glucosinolates are secondary plant metabolites of Brassicaceae. They exert their effect after enzymatic hydrolysis to yield aglycones, which become nitriles and epithionitriles through the action of epithiospecifier (ESP) and nitrile-specifier proteins (NSP). The mechanism of action of broccoli ESP and NSP is poorly understood mainly because ESP and NSP structures have not been completely characterized and because aglycones are unstable, thus hindering experimental measurements. The aim of this work was to investigate the interaction of broccoli ESP and NSP with the aglycones derived from broccoli glucosinolates using molecular simulations. The three-dimensional structure of broccoli ESP was built based on its amino-acid sequence, and the NSP structure was constructed based on a consensus amino-acid sequence. The models obtained using Iterative Threading ASSEmbly Refinement (I-TASSER) were refined with the OPLS-AA/L all atom force field of GROMACS 5.0.7 and were validated by Veryfy3D and ERRAT. The structures were selected based on molecular dynamics simulations. Interactions between the proteins and aglycones were simulated with Autodock Vina at different pH. It was concluded that pH determines the stability of the complexes and that the aglycone derived from glucoraphanin has the highest affinity to both ESP and NSP. This agrees with the fact that glucoraphanin is the most abundant glucosinolate in broccoli florets. MDPI 2020-02-11 /pmc/articles/PMC7071048/ /pubmed/32054008 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25040772 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Román, Juan González, Dorian Inostroza-Ponta, Mario Mahn, Andrea Molecular Modeling of Epithiospecifier and Nitrile-Specifier Proteins of Broccoli and Their Interaction with Aglycones |
title | Molecular Modeling of Epithiospecifier and Nitrile-Specifier Proteins of Broccoli and Their Interaction with Aglycones |
title_full | Molecular Modeling of Epithiospecifier and Nitrile-Specifier Proteins of Broccoli and Their Interaction with Aglycones |
title_fullStr | Molecular Modeling of Epithiospecifier and Nitrile-Specifier Proteins of Broccoli and Their Interaction with Aglycones |
title_full_unstemmed | Molecular Modeling of Epithiospecifier and Nitrile-Specifier Proteins of Broccoli and Their Interaction with Aglycones |
title_short | Molecular Modeling of Epithiospecifier and Nitrile-Specifier Proteins of Broccoli and Their Interaction with Aglycones |
title_sort | molecular modeling of epithiospecifier and nitrile-specifier proteins of broccoli and their interaction with aglycones |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7071048/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32054008 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25040772 |
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