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The Effects of Different Quantities and Qualities of Protein Intake in People with Diabetes Mellitus
The recommended amount and quality of protein in diets of diabetic patients are highly controversial. In order to provide evidence-based information, the Diabetes Nutrition Study Group (DNSG) used a grading procedure used for quality of evidence and strength of recommendations (GRADE). A protein int...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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MDPI
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7071151/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32019211 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12020365 |
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author | Pfeiffer, Andreas F.H. Pedersen, Eva Schwab, Ursula Risérus, Ulf Aas, Anne-Marie Uusitupa, Matti Thanopoulou, Anastasia Kendall, Cyril Sievenpiper, John L. Kahleová, Hana Rahélic, Dario Salas-Salvadó, Jordi Gebauer, Stephanie Hermansen, Kjeld |
author_facet | Pfeiffer, Andreas F.H. Pedersen, Eva Schwab, Ursula Risérus, Ulf Aas, Anne-Marie Uusitupa, Matti Thanopoulou, Anastasia Kendall, Cyril Sievenpiper, John L. Kahleová, Hana Rahélic, Dario Salas-Salvadó, Jordi Gebauer, Stephanie Hermansen, Kjeld |
author_sort | Pfeiffer, Andreas F.H. |
collection | PubMed |
description | The recommended amount and quality of protein in diets of diabetic patients are highly controversial. In order to provide evidence-based information, the Diabetes Nutrition Study Group (DNSG) used a grading procedure used for quality of evidence and strength of recommendations (GRADE). A protein intake of 10% to 20% of energy intake (E%) or about 0.8 to 1.3 g/kg body weight in people below 65 years of age, and 15% to 20% of E% in people above 65 years of age appeared safe in weight-stable conditions. There were no intervention studies addressing metabolic effects, mortality, or cardiovascular events over prolonged periods. Body weight is closely linked to metabolic control and high protein diets are often recommended. Weight-loss diets that include 23% to 32% of E% as protein for up to one year reduced blood pressure and body weight slightly but significantly more than lower protein diets, whereas blood lipids, fasting blood glucose, and HbA1c improved similarly with higher or lower protein intakes in participants with a glomerular filtration rate (GFR) >60 mL/min/1.73 m(2). Patients with a GFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m(2) did not show a faster decline of GFR or kidney function with protein intakes around 0.8 g/kg body weight as compared with lower intakes, thereby arguing against a restriction. The effects of protein intake on diabetic eye or nerve disease have not been reported. There are a number of studies that have compared different types of animal proteins (milk, chicken, beef, pork, and fish) or compared animal with plant protein in diabetic patients and have reported a greater reduction of serum cholesterol with plant protein. In summary, the suggested range of protein intake appears to be safe and can be adapted according to personal dietary preferences. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7071151 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-70711512020-03-19 The Effects of Different Quantities and Qualities of Protein Intake in People with Diabetes Mellitus Pfeiffer, Andreas F.H. Pedersen, Eva Schwab, Ursula Risérus, Ulf Aas, Anne-Marie Uusitupa, Matti Thanopoulou, Anastasia Kendall, Cyril Sievenpiper, John L. Kahleová, Hana Rahélic, Dario Salas-Salvadó, Jordi Gebauer, Stephanie Hermansen, Kjeld Nutrients Communication The recommended amount and quality of protein in diets of diabetic patients are highly controversial. In order to provide evidence-based information, the Diabetes Nutrition Study Group (DNSG) used a grading procedure used for quality of evidence and strength of recommendations (GRADE). A protein intake of 10% to 20% of energy intake (E%) or about 0.8 to 1.3 g/kg body weight in people below 65 years of age, and 15% to 20% of E% in people above 65 years of age appeared safe in weight-stable conditions. There were no intervention studies addressing metabolic effects, mortality, or cardiovascular events over prolonged periods. Body weight is closely linked to metabolic control and high protein diets are often recommended. Weight-loss diets that include 23% to 32% of E% as protein for up to one year reduced blood pressure and body weight slightly but significantly more than lower protein diets, whereas blood lipids, fasting blood glucose, and HbA1c improved similarly with higher or lower protein intakes in participants with a glomerular filtration rate (GFR) >60 mL/min/1.73 m(2). Patients with a GFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m(2) did not show a faster decline of GFR or kidney function with protein intakes around 0.8 g/kg body weight as compared with lower intakes, thereby arguing against a restriction. The effects of protein intake on diabetic eye or nerve disease have not been reported. There are a number of studies that have compared different types of animal proteins (milk, chicken, beef, pork, and fish) or compared animal with plant protein in diabetic patients and have reported a greater reduction of serum cholesterol with plant protein. In summary, the suggested range of protein intake appears to be safe and can be adapted according to personal dietary preferences. MDPI 2020-01-30 /pmc/articles/PMC7071151/ /pubmed/32019211 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12020365 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Communication Pfeiffer, Andreas F.H. Pedersen, Eva Schwab, Ursula Risérus, Ulf Aas, Anne-Marie Uusitupa, Matti Thanopoulou, Anastasia Kendall, Cyril Sievenpiper, John L. Kahleová, Hana Rahélic, Dario Salas-Salvadó, Jordi Gebauer, Stephanie Hermansen, Kjeld The Effects of Different Quantities and Qualities of Protein Intake in People with Diabetes Mellitus |
title | The Effects of Different Quantities and Qualities of Protein Intake in People with Diabetes Mellitus |
title_full | The Effects of Different Quantities and Qualities of Protein Intake in People with Diabetes Mellitus |
title_fullStr | The Effects of Different Quantities and Qualities of Protein Intake in People with Diabetes Mellitus |
title_full_unstemmed | The Effects of Different Quantities and Qualities of Protein Intake in People with Diabetes Mellitus |
title_short | The Effects of Different Quantities and Qualities of Protein Intake in People with Diabetes Mellitus |
title_sort | effects of different quantities and qualities of protein intake in people with diabetes mellitus |
topic | Communication |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7071151/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32019211 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12020365 |
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