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Withania somnifera Extract Enhances Energy Expenditure via Improving Mitochondrial Function in Adipose Tissue and Skeletal Muscle

Withania somnifera (WS), commonly known as ashwagandha, possesses diverse biological functions. WS root has mainly been used as an herbal medicine to treat anxiety and was recently reported to have an anti-obesity effect, however, the mechanisms underlying its action remain to be explored. We hypoth...

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Autores principales: Lee, Da-Hye, Ahn, Jiyun, Jang, Young-Jin, Seo, Hyo-Deok, Ha, Tae-Youl, Kim, Min Jung, Huh, Yang Hoon, Jung, Chang Hwa
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7071232/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32046183
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12020431
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author Lee, Da-Hye
Ahn, Jiyun
Jang, Young-Jin
Seo, Hyo-Deok
Ha, Tae-Youl
Kim, Min Jung
Huh, Yang Hoon
Jung, Chang Hwa
author_facet Lee, Da-Hye
Ahn, Jiyun
Jang, Young-Jin
Seo, Hyo-Deok
Ha, Tae-Youl
Kim, Min Jung
Huh, Yang Hoon
Jung, Chang Hwa
author_sort Lee, Da-Hye
collection PubMed
description Withania somnifera (WS), commonly known as ashwagandha, possesses diverse biological functions. WS root has mainly been used as an herbal medicine to treat anxiety and was recently reported to have an anti-obesity effect, however, the mechanisms underlying its action remain to be explored. We hypothesized that WS exerts its anti-obesity effect by enhancing energy expenditure through improving the mitochondrial function of brown/beige adipocytes and skeletal muscle. Male C57BL/6J mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) containing 0.25% or 0.5% WS 70% ethanol extract (WSE) for 10 weeks. WSE (0.5%) supplementation significantly suppressed the increases in body weight and serum lipids, and lipid accumulation in the liver and adipose tissue induced by HFD. WSE supplementation increased oxygen consumption and enhanced mitochondrial activity in brown fat and skeletal muscle in the HFD-fed mice. In addition, it promoted browning of subcutaneous fat by increasing mitochondrial uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) expression. Withaferin A (WFA), a major compound of WS, enhanced the differentiation of pre-adipocytes into beige adipocytes and oxygen consumption in C2C12 murine myoblasts. These results suggest that WSE ameliorates diet-induced obesity by enhancing energy expenditure via promoting mitochondrial function in adipose tissue and skeletal muscle, and WFA is a key regulator in this function.
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spelling pubmed-70712322020-03-19 Withania somnifera Extract Enhances Energy Expenditure via Improving Mitochondrial Function in Adipose Tissue and Skeletal Muscle Lee, Da-Hye Ahn, Jiyun Jang, Young-Jin Seo, Hyo-Deok Ha, Tae-Youl Kim, Min Jung Huh, Yang Hoon Jung, Chang Hwa Nutrients Article Withania somnifera (WS), commonly known as ashwagandha, possesses diverse biological functions. WS root has mainly been used as an herbal medicine to treat anxiety and was recently reported to have an anti-obesity effect, however, the mechanisms underlying its action remain to be explored. We hypothesized that WS exerts its anti-obesity effect by enhancing energy expenditure through improving the mitochondrial function of brown/beige adipocytes and skeletal muscle. Male C57BL/6J mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) containing 0.25% or 0.5% WS 70% ethanol extract (WSE) for 10 weeks. WSE (0.5%) supplementation significantly suppressed the increases in body weight and serum lipids, and lipid accumulation in the liver and adipose tissue induced by HFD. WSE supplementation increased oxygen consumption and enhanced mitochondrial activity in brown fat and skeletal muscle in the HFD-fed mice. In addition, it promoted browning of subcutaneous fat by increasing mitochondrial uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) expression. Withaferin A (WFA), a major compound of WS, enhanced the differentiation of pre-adipocytes into beige adipocytes and oxygen consumption in C2C12 murine myoblasts. These results suggest that WSE ameliorates diet-induced obesity by enhancing energy expenditure via promoting mitochondrial function in adipose tissue and skeletal muscle, and WFA is a key regulator in this function. MDPI 2020-02-07 /pmc/articles/PMC7071232/ /pubmed/32046183 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12020431 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Lee, Da-Hye
Ahn, Jiyun
Jang, Young-Jin
Seo, Hyo-Deok
Ha, Tae-Youl
Kim, Min Jung
Huh, Yang Hoon
Jung, Chang Hwa
Withania somnifera Extract Enhances Energy Expenditure via Improving Mitochondrial Function in Adipose Tissue and Skeletal Muscle
title Withania somnifera Extract Enhances Energy Expenditure via Improving Mitochondrial Function in Adipose Tissue and Skeletal Muscle
title_full Withania somnifera Extract Enhances Energy Expenditure via Improving Mitochondrial Function in Adipose Tissue and Skeletal Muscle
title_fullStr Withania somnifera Extract Enhances Energy Expenditure via Improving Mitochondrial Function in Adipose Tissue and Skeletal Muscle
title_full_unstemmed Withania somnifera Extract Enhances Energy Expenditure via Improving Mitochondrial Function in Adipose Tissue and Skeletal Muscle
title_short Withania somnifera Extract Enhances Energy Expenditure via Improving Mitochondrial Function in Adipose Tissue and Skeletal Muscle
title_sort withania somnifera extract enhances energy expenditure via improving mitochondrial function in adipose tissue and skeletal muscle
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7071232/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32046183
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12020431
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