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Eating Habits in Older Adults: Compliance with the Recommended Daily Intakes and Its Relationship with Sociodemographic Characteristics, Clinical Conditions, and Lifestyles

Background: Older people have different nutritional requirements from those of the general population; in particular, they need a lower energy intake, higher protein content to preserve muscle mass, and a greater supply of vitamins and minerals to maintain good bone health. The objective of this stu...

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Autores principales: Zaragoza-Martí, Ana, Ruiz-Robledillo, Nicolás, Sánchez-SanSegundo, Miriam, Albaladejo-Blázquez, Natalia, Hurtado-Sánchez, Jose Antonio, Ferrer-Cascales, Rosario
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7071317/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32053923
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12020446
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author Zaragoza-Martí, Ana
Ruiz-Robledillo, Nicolás
Sánchez-SanSegundo, Miriam
Albaladejo-Blázquez, Natalia
Hurtado-Sánchez, Jose Antonio
Ferrer-Cascales, Rosario
author_facet Zaragoza-Martí, Ana
Ruiz-Robledillo, Nicolás
Sánchez-SanSegundo, Miriam
Albaladejo-Blázquez, Natalia
Hurtado-Sánchez, Jose Antonio
Ferrer-Cascales, Rosario
author_sort Zaragoza-Martí, Ana
collection PubMed
description Background: Older people have different nutritional requirements from those of the general population; in particular, they need a lower energy intake, higher protein content to preserve muscle mass, and a greater supply of vitamins and minerals to maintain good bone health. The objective of this study is to evaluate the degree of compliance with nutritional recommendations, and its relationship with sociodemographic characteristics, clinical conditions, and lifestyles in older people residing in the Spanish Mediterranean. Methods: Cross-sectional study with 341 people over 60 years old. Participants were selected using a snowball strategy. A validated food intake frequency questionnaire for older populations was used to determine the daily food intake. This evaluation was carried out at two time points from which the average nutrient intake was obtained. Sociodemographic, clinical, and lifestyle variables were obtained from an ad hoc elaborated questionnaire. Results: Compliance with dietary intakes was low, by deficiency, such as in vitamin D, where none of the participating subjects met the requirements, and iodine, where the compliance rate did not exceed 20%, or by excess, such as with monounsaturated fatty acids, fiber, iron, B vitamins, vitamin E, and vitamin C. People with better blood pressure, cholesterol, and glucose levels observed a higher degree of compliance with the recommended intakes. Living in rural areas, being divorced, or being illiterate negatively influence meeting the recommended intakes of certain nutrients. Increased physical activity was associated with an increased compliance with Kcal recommendations, cholesterol, and vitamin B2 intake. Conclusion: this study highlights the importance of accurately knowing the dietary intakes in the older population, and what factors, such as lifestyles or sociodemographic characteristics, may predispose to better or worse compliance with the recommendations.
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spelling pubmed-70713172020-03-19 Eating Habits in Older Adults: Compliance with the Recommended Daily Intakes and Its Relationship with Sociodemographic Characteristics, Clinical Conditions, and Lifestyles Zaragoza-Martí, Ana Ruiz-Robledillo, Nicolás Sánchez-SanSegundo, Miriam Albaladejo-Blázquez, Natalia Hurtado-Sánchez, Jose Antonio Ferrer-Cascales, Rosario Nutrients Article Background: Older people have different nutritional requirements from those of the general population; in particular, they need a lower energy intake, higher protein content to preserve muscle mass, and a greater supply of vitamins and minerals to maintain good bone health. The objective of this study is to evaluate the degree of compliance with nutritional recommendations, and its relationship with sociodemographic characteristics, clinical conditions, and lifestyles in older people residing in the Spanish Mediterranean. Methods: Cross-sectional study with 341 people over 60 years old. Participants were selected using a snowball strategy. A validated food intake frequency questionnaire for older populations was used to determine the daily food intake. This evaluation was carried out at two time points from which the average nutrient intake was obtained. Sociodemographic, clinical, and lifestyle variables were obtained from an ad hoc elaborated questionnaire. Results: Compliance with dietary intakes was low, by deficiency, such as in vitamin D, where none of the participating subjects met the requirements, and iodine, where the compliance rate did not exceed 20%, or by excess, such as with monounsaturated fatty acids, fiber, iron, B vitamins, vitamin E, and vitamin C. People with better blood pressure, cholesterol, and glucose levels observed a higher degree of compliance with the recommended intakes. Living in rural areas, being divorced, or being illiterate negatively influence meeting the recommended intakes of certain nutrients. Increased physical activity was associated with an increased compliance with Kcal recommendations, cholesterol, and vitamin B2 intake. Conclusion: this study highlights the importance of accurately knowing the dietary intakes in the older population, and what factors, such as lifestyles or sociodemographic characteristics, may predispose to better or worse compliance with the recommendations. MDPI 2020-02-11 /pmc/articles/PMC7071317/ /pubmed/32053923 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12020446 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Zaragoza-Martí, Ana
Ruiz-Robledillo, Nicolás
Sánchez-SanSegundo, Miriam
Albaladejo-Blázquez, Natalia
Hurtado-Sánchez, Jose Antonio
Ferrer-Cascales, Rosario
Eating Habits in Older Adults: Compliance with the Recommended Daily Intakes and Its Relationship with Sociodemographic Characteristics, Clinical Conditions, and Lifestyles
title Eating Habits in Older Adults: Compliance with the Recommended Daily Intakes and Its Relationship with Sociodemographic Characteristics, Clinical Conditions, and Lifestyles
title_full Eating Habits in Older Adults: Compliance with the Recommended Daily Intakes and Its Relationship with Sociodemographic Characteristics, Clinical Conditions, and Lifestyles
title_fullStr Eating Habits in Older Adults: Compliance with the Recommended Daily Intakes and Its Relationship with Sociodemographic Characteristics, Clinical Conditions, and Lifestyles
title_full_unstemmed Eating Habits in Older Adults: Compliance with the Recommended Daily Intakes and Its Relationship with Sociodemographic Characteristics, Clinical Conditions, and Lifestyles
title_short Eating Habits in Older Adults: Compliance with the Recommended Daily Intakes and Its Relationship with Sociodemographic Characteristics, Clinical Conditions, and Lifestyles
title_sort eating habits in older adults: compliance with the recommended daily intakes and its relationship with sociodemographic characteristics, clinical conditions, and lifestyles
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7071317/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32053923
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12020446
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