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Cycloastragenol as an Exogenous Enhancer of Chondrogenic Differentiation of Human Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells. A Morphological Study
Stem cell therapy and tissue engineering represent a promising approach for cartilage regeneration. However, they present limits in terms of mechanical properties and premature de-differentiation of engineered cartilage. Cycloastragenol (CAG), a triterpenoid saponin compound and a hydrolysis product...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7072395/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32028592 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells9020347 |
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author | Szychlinska, Marta Anna Calabrese, Giovanna Ravalli, Silvia Parrinello, Nunziatina Laura Forte, Stefano Castrogiovanni, Paola Pricoco, Elisabetta Imbesi, Rosa Castorina, Sergio Leonardi, Rosalia Di Rosa, Michelino Musumeci, Giuseppe |
author_facet | Szychlinska, Marta Anna Calabrese, Giovanna Ravalli, Silvia Parrinello, Nunziatina Laura Forte, Stefano Castrogiovanni, Paola Pricoco, Elisabetta Imbesi, Rosa Castorina, Sergio Leonardi, Rosalia Di Rosa, Michelino Musumeci, Giuseppe |
author_sort | Szychlinska, Marta Anna |
collection | PubMed |
description | Stem cell therapy and tissue engineering represent a promising approach for cartilage regeneration. However, they present limits in terms of mechanical properties and premature de-differentiation of engineered cartilage. Cycloastragenol (CAG), a triterpenoid saponin compound and a hydrolysis product of the main ingredient in Astragalus membranaceous, has been explored for cartilage regeneration. The aim of this study was to investigate CAG’s ability to promote cell proliferation, maintain cells in their stable active phenotype, and support the production of cartilaginous extracellular matrix (ECM) in human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hAMSCs) in up to 28 days of three-dimensional (3D) chondrogenic culture. The hAMSC pellets were cultured in chondrogenic medium (CM) and in CM supplemented with CAG (CAG–CM) for 7, 14, 21, and 28 days. At each time-point, the pellets were harvested for histological (hematoxylin and eosin (H&E)), histochemical (Alcian-Blue) and immunohistochemical analysis (Type I, II, and X collagen, aggrecan, SOX9, lubricin). After excluding CAG’s cytotoxicity (MTT Assay), improved cell condensation, higher glycosaminoglycans (sGAG) content, and increased cell proliferation have been detected in CAG–CM pellets until 28 days of culture. Overall, CAG improved the chondrogenic differentiation of hAMSCs, maintaining stable the active chondrocyte phenotype in up to 28 days of 3D in vitro chondrogenic culture. It is proposed that CAG might have a beneficial impact on cartilage regeneration approaches. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7072395 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-70723952020-03-19 Cycloastragenol as an Exogenous Enhancer of Chondrogenic Differentiation of Human Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells. A Morphological Study Szychlinska, Marta Anna Calabrese, Giovanna Ravalli, Silvia Parrinello, Nunziatina Laura Forte, Stefano Castrogiovanni, Paola Pricoco, Elisabetta Imbesi, Rosa Castorina, Sergio Leonardi, Rosalia Di Rosa, Michelino Musumeci, Giuseppe Cells Article Stem cell therapy and tissue engineering represent a promising approach for cartilage regeneration. However, they present limits in terms of mechanical properties and premature de-differentiation of engineered cartilage. Cycloastragenol (CAG), a triterpenoid saponin compound and a hydrolysis product of the main ingredient in Astragalus membranaceous, has been explored for cartilage regeneration. The aim of this study was to investigate CAG’s ability to promote cell proliferation, maintain cells in their stable active phenotype, and support the production of cartilaginous extracellular matrix (ECM) in human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hAMSCs) in up to 28 days of three-dimensional (3D) chondrogenic culture. The hAMSC pellets were cultured in chondrogenic medium (CM) and in CM supplemented with CAG (CAG–CM) for 7, 14, 21, and 28 days. At each time-point, the pellets were harvested for histological (hematoxylin and eosin (H&E)), histochemical (Alcian-Blue) and immunohistochemical analysis (Type I, II, and X collagen, aggrecan, SOX9, lubricin). After excluding CAG’s cytotoxicity (MTT Assay), improved cell condensation, higher glycosaminoglycans (sGAG) content, and increased cell proliferation have been detected in CAG–CM pellets until 28 days of culture. Overall, CAG improved the chondrogenic differentiation of hAMSCs, maintaining stable the active chondrocyte phenotype in up to 28 days of 3D in vitro chondrogenic culture. It is proposed that CAG might have a beneficial impact on cartilage regeneration approaches. MDPI 2020-02-03 /pmc/articles/PMC7072395/ /pubmed/32028592 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells9020347 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Szychlinska, Marta Anna Calabrese, Giovanna Ravalli, Silvia Parrinello, Nunziatina Laura Forte, Stefano Castrogiovanni, Paola Pricoco, Elisabetta Imbesi, Rosa Castorina, Sergio Leonardi, Rosalia Di Rosa, Michelino Musumeci, Giuseppe Cycloastragenol as an Exogenous Enhancer of Chondrogenic Differentiation of Human Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells. A Morphological Study |
title | Cycloastragenol as an Exogenous Enhancer of Chondrogenic Differentiation of Human Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells. A Morphological Study |
title_full | Cycloastragenol as an Exogenous Enhancer of Chondrogenic Differentiation of Human Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells. A Morphological Study |
title_fullStr | Cycloastragenol as an Exogenous Enhancer of Chondrogenic Differentiation of Human Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells. A Morphological Study |
title_full_unstemmed | Cycloastragenol as an Exogenous Enhancer of Chondrogenic Differentiation of Human Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells. A Morphological Study |
title_short | Cycloastragenol as an Exogenous Enhancer of Chondrogenic Differentiation of Human Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells. A Morphological Study |
title_sort | cycloastragenol as an exogenous enhancer of chondrogenic differentiation of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells. a morphological study |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7072395/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32028592 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells9020347 |
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