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Mechanotransduction in T Cell Development, Differentiation and Function

Cells in the body are actively engaging with their environments that include both biochemical and biophysical aspects. The process by which cells convert mechanical stimuli from their environment to intracellular biochemical signals is known as mechanotransduction. Exemplifying the reliance on mecha...

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Autores principales: Rushdi, Muaz, Li, Kaitao, Yuan, Zhou, Travaglino, Stefano, Grakoui, Arash, Zhu, Cheng
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7072571/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32033255
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells9020364
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author Rushdi, Muaz
Li, Kaitao
Yuan, Zhou
Travaglino, Stefano
Grakoui, Arash
Zhu, Cheng
author_facet Rushdi, Muaz
Li, Kaitao
Yuan, Zhou
Travaglino, Stefano
Grakoui, Arash
Zhu, Cheng
author_sort Rushdi, Muaz
collection PubMed
description Cells in the body are actively engaging with their environments that include both biochemical and biophysical aspects. The process by which cells convert mechanical stimuli from their environment to intracellular biochemical signals is known as mechanotransduction. Exemplifying the reliance on mechanotransduction for their development, differentiation and function are T cells, which are central to adaptive immune responses. T cell mechanoimmunology is an emerging field that studies how T cells sense, respond and adapt to the mechanical cues that they encounter throughout their life cycle. Here we review different stages of the T cell’s life cycle where existing studies have shown important effects of mechanical force or matrix stiffness on a T cell as sensed through its surface molecules, including modulating receptor–ligand interactions, inducing protein conformational changes, triggering signal transduction, amplifying antigen discrimination and ensuring directed targeted cell killing. We suggest that including mechanical considerations in the immunological studies of T cells would inform a more holistic understanding of their development, differentiation and function.
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spelling pubmed-70725712020-03-19 Mechanotransduction in T Cell Development, Differentiation and Function Rushdi, Muaz Li, Kaitao Yuan, Zhou Travaglino, Stefano Grakoui, Arash Zhu, Cheng Cells Review Cells in the body are actively engaging with their environments that include both biochemical and biophysical aspects. The process by which cells convert mechanical stimuli from their environment to intracellular biochemical signals is known as mechanotransduction. Exemplifying the reliance on mechanotransduction for their development, differentiation and function are T cells, which are central to adaptive immune responses. T cell mechanoimmunology is an emerging field that studies how T cells sense, respond and adapt to the mechanical cues that they encounter throughout their life cycle. Here we review different stages of the T cell’s life cycle where existing studies have shown important effects of mechanical force or matrix stiffness on a T cell as sensed through its surface molecules, including modulating receptor–ligand interactions, inducing protein conformational changes, triggering signal transduction, amplifying antigen discrimination and ensuring directed targeted cell killing. We suggest that including mechanical considerations in the immunological studies of T cells would inform a more holistic understanding of their development, differentiation and function. MDPI 2020-02-05 /pmc/articles/PMC7072571/ /pubmed/32033255 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells9020364 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Rushdi, Muaz
Li, Kaitao
Yuan, Zhou
Travaglino, Stefano
Grakoui, Arash
Zhu, Cheng
Mechanotransduction in T Cell Development, Differentiation and Function
title Mechanotransduction in T Cell Development, Differentiation and Function
title_full Mechanotransduction in T Cell Development, Differentiation and Function
title_fullStr Mechanotransduction in T Cell Development, Differentiation and Function
title_full_unstemmed Mechanotransduction in T Cell Development, Differentiation and Function
title_short Mechanotransduction in T Cell Development, Differentiation and Function
title_sort mechanotransduction in t cell development, differentiation and function
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7072571/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32033255
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells9020364
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