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Extracellular Matrix Structure and Composition in the Early Four-Chambered Embryonic Heart

During embryonic development, the heart undergoes complex morphogenesis from a liner tube into the four chambers consisting of ventricles, atria and valves. At the same time, the cardiomyocytes compact into a dense, aligned, and highly vascularized myocardium. The extracellular matrix (ECM) is known...

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Autores principales: Jallerat, Quentin, Feinberg, Adam W.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7072588/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31991580
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells9020285
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author Jallerat, Quentin
Feinberg, Adam W.
author_facet Jallerat, Quentin
Feinberg, Adam W.
author_sort Jallerat, Quentin
collection PubMed
description During embryonic development, the heart undergoes complex morphogenesis from a liner tube into the four chambers consisting of ventricles, atria and valves. At the same time, the cardiomyocytes compact into a dense, aligned, and highly vascularized myocardium. The extracellular matrix (ECM) is known to play an important role in this process but understanding of the expression and organization remains incomplete. Here, we performed 3D confocal imaging of ECM in the left ventricle and whole heart of embryonic chick from stages Hamburger-Hamilton 28–35 (days 5–9) as an accessible model of heart formation. First, we observed the formation of a fibronectin-rich, capillary-like networks in the myocardium between day 5 and day 9 of development. Then, we focused on day 5 prior to vascularization to determine the relative expression of fibronectin, laminin, and collagen type IV. Cardiomyocytes were found to uniaxially align prior to vascularization and, while the epicardium contained all ECM components, laminin was reduced, and collagen type IV was largely absent. Quantification of fibronectin revealed highly aligned fibers with a mean diameter of ~500 nm and interfiber spacing of ~3 µm. These structural parameters (volume, spacing, fiber diameter, length, and orientation) provide a quantitative framework to describe the organization of the embryonic ECM.
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spelling pubmed-70725882020-03-19 Extracellular Matrix Structure and Composition in the Early Four-Chambered Embryonic Heart Jallerat, Quentin Feinberg, Adam W. Cells Article During embryonic development, the heart undergoes complex morphogenesis from a liner tube into the four chambers consisting of ventricles, atria and valves. At the same time, the cardiomyocytes compact into a dense, aligned, and highly vascularized myocardium. The extracellular matrix (ECM) is known to play an important role in this process but understanding of the expression and organization remains incomplete. Here, we performed 3D confocal imaging of ECM in the left ventricle and whole heart of embryonic chick from stages Hamburger-Hamilton 28–35 (days 5–9) as an accessible model of heart formation. First, we observed the formation of a fibronectin-rich, capillary-like networks in the myocardium between day 5 and day 9 of development. Then, we focused on day 5 prior to vascularization to determine the relative expression of fibronectin, laminin, and collagen type IV. Cardiomyocytes were found to uniaxially align prior to vascularization and, while the epicardium contained all ECM components, laminin was reduced, and collagen type IV was largely absent. Quantification of fibronectin revealed highly aligned fibers with a mean diameter of ~500 nm and interfiber spacing of ~3 µm. These structural parameters (volume, spacing, fiber diameter, length, and orientation) provide a quantitative framework to describe the organization of the embryonic ECM. MDPI 2020-01-24 /pmc/articles/PMC7072588/ /pubmed/31991580 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells9020285 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Jallerat, Quentin
Feinberg, Adam W.
Extracellular Matrix Structure and Composition in the Early Four-Chambered Embryonic Heart
title Extracellular Matrix Structure and Composition in the Early Four-Chambered Embryonic Heart
title_full Extracellular Matrix Structure and Composition in the Early Four-Chambered Embryonic Heart
title_fullStr Extracellular Matrix Structure and Composition in the Early Four-Chambered Embryonic Heart
title_full_unstemmed Extracellular Matrix Structure and Composition in the Early Four-Chambered Embryonic Heart
title_short Extracellular Matrix Structure and Composition in the Early Four-Chambered Embryonic Heart
title_sort extracellular matrix structure and composition in the early four-chambered embryonic heart
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7072588/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31991580
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells9020285
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