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The Impact of Cigarette Smoking on Risk of Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Narrative Review
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease characterized by chronic inflammation and subsequent proliferation of synovial tissues, which eventually leads to cartilage and bone destruction without effective treatments. Anti-citrullinated cyclic peptide/protein antibody (ACPA) and rheumatoid f...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7072747/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32092988 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells9020475 |
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author | Ishikawa, Yuki Terao, Chikashi |
author_facet | Ishikawa, Yuki Terao, Chikashi |
author_sort | Ishikawa, Yuki |
collection | PubMed |
description | Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease characterized by chronic inflammation and subsequent proliferation of synovial tissues, which eventually leads to cartilage and bone destruction without effective treatments. Anti-citrullinated cyclic peptide/protein antibody (ACPA) and rheumatoid factor (RF) are two main characteristic autoantibodies found in RA patients and are associated with unfavorable disease outcomes. Although etiologies and causes of the disease have not been fully clarified yet, it is likely that interactive contributions of genetic and environmental factors play a main role in RA pathology. Previous works have demonstrated several genetic and environmental factors as risks of RA development and/or autoantibody productions. Among these, cigarette smoking and HLA-DRB1 are the well-established environmental and genetic risks, respectively. In this narrative review, we provide a recent update on genetic contributions to RA and the environmental risks of RA with a special focus on cigarette smoking and its impacts on RA pathology. We also describe gene–environmental interaction in RA pathogenesis with an emphasis on cigarette smoking and HLA-DRB1. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7072747 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-70727472020-03-19 The Impact of Cigarette Smoking on Risk of Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Narrative Review Ishikawa, Yuki Terao, Chikashi Cells Review Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease characterized by chronic inflammation and subsequent proliferation of synovial tissues, which eventually leads to cartilage and bone destruction without effective treatments. Anti-citrullinated cyclic peptide/protein antibody (ACPA) and rheumatoid factor (RF) are two main characteristic autoantibodies found in RA patients and are associated with unfavorable disease outcomes. Although etiologies and causes of the disease have not been fully clarified yet, it is likely that interactive contributions of genetic and environmental factors play a main role in RA pathology. Previous works have demonstrated several genetic and environmental factors as risks of RA development and/or autoantibody productions. Among these, cigarette smoking and HLA-DRB1 are the well-established environmental and genetic risks, respectively. In this narrative review, we provide a recent update on genetic contributions to RA and the environmental risks of RA with a special focus on cigarette smoking and its impacts on RA pathology. We also describe gene–environmental interaction in RA pathogenesis with an emphasis on cigarette smoking and HLA-DRB1. MDPI 2020-02-19 /pmc/articles/PMC7072747/ /pubmed/32092988 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells9020475 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Ishikawa, Yuki Terao, Chikashi The Impact of Cigarette Smoking on Risk of Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Narrative Review |
title | The Impact of Cigarette Smoking on Risk of Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Narrative Review |
title_full | The Impact of Cigarette Smoking on Risk of Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Narrative Review |
title_fullStr | The Impact of Cigarette Smoking on Risk of Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Narrative Review |
title_full_unstemmed | The Impact of Cigarette Smoking on Risk of Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Narrative Review |
title_short | The Impact of Cigarette Smoking on Risk of Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Narrative Review |
title_sort | impact of cigarette smoking on risk of rheumatoid arthritis: a narrative review |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7072747/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32092988 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells9020475 |
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