Cargando…

ERM Proteins at the Crossroad of Leukocyte Polarization, Migration and Intercellular Adhesion

Ezrin, radixin and moesin proteins (ERMs) are plasma membrane (PM) organizers that link the actin cytoskeleton to the cytoplasmic tail of transmembrane proteins, many of which are adhesion receptors, in order to regulate the formation of F-actin-based structures (e.g., microspikes and microvilli). E...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: García-Ortiz, Almudena, Serrador, Juan Manuel
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7073024/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32098334
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21041502
_version_ 1783506542077673472
author García-Ortiz, Almudena
Serrador, Juan Manuel
author_facet García-Ortiz, Almudena
Serrador, Juan Manuel
author_sort García-Ortiz, Almudena
collection PubMed
description Ezrin, radixin and moesin proteins (ERMs) are plasma membrane (PM) organizers that link the actin cytoskeleton to the cytoplasmic tail of transmembrane proteins, many of which are adhesion receptors, in order to regulate the formation of F-actin-based structures (e.g., microspikes and microvilli). ERMs also effect transmission of signals from the PM into the cell, an action mainly exerted through the compartmentalized activation of the small Rho GTPases Rho, Rac and Cdc42. Ezrin and moesin are the ERMs more highly expressed in leukocytes, and although they do not always share functions, both are mainly regulated through phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP(2)) binding to the N-terminal band 4.1 protein-ERM (FERM) domain and phosphorylation of a conserved Thr in the C-terminal ERM association domain (C-ERMAD), exerting their functions through a wide assortment of mechanisms. In this review we will discuss some of these mechanisms, focusing on how they regulate polarization and migration in leukocytes, and formation of actin-based cellular structures like the phagocytic cup-endosome and the immune synapse in macrophages/neutrophils and lymphocytes, respectively, which represent essential aspects of the effector immune response.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-7073024
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2020
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-70730242020-03-19 ERM Proteins at the Crossroad of Leukocyte Polarization, Migration and Intercellular Adhesion García-Ortiz, Almudena Serrador, Juan Manuel Int J Mol Sci Review Ezrin, radixin and moesin proteins (ERMs) are plasma membrane (PM) organizers that link the actin cytoskeleton to the cytoplasmic tail of transmembrane proteins, many of which are adhesion receptors, in order to regulate the formation of F-actin-based structures (e.g., microspikes and microvilli). ERMs also effect transmission of signals from the PM into the cell, an action mainly exerted through the compartmentalized activation of the small Rho GTPases Rho, Rac and Cdc42. Ezrin and moesin are the ERMs more highly expressed in leukocytes, and although they do not always share functions, both are mainly regulated through phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP(2)) binding to the N-terminal band 4.1 protein-ERM (FERM) domain and phosphorylation of a conserved Thr in the C-terminal ERM association domain (C-ERMAD), exerting their functions through a wide assortment of mechanisms. In this review we will discuss some of these mechanisms, focusing on how they regulate polarization and migration in leukocytes, and formation of actin-based cellular structures like the phagocytic cup-endosome and the immune synapse in macrophages/neutrophils and lymphocytes, respectively, which represent essential aspects of the effector immune response. MDPI 2020-02-22 /pmc/articles/PMC7073024/ /pubmed/32098334 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21041502 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
García-Ortiz, Almudena
Serrador, Juan Manuel
ERM Proteins at the Crossroad of Leukocyte Polarization, Migration and Intercellular Adhesion
title ERM Proteins at the Crossroad of Leukocyte Polarization, Migration and Intercellular Adhesion
title_full ERM Proteins at the Crossroad of Leukocyte Polarization, Migration and Intercellular Adhesion
title_fullStr ERM Proteins at the Crossroad of Leukocyte Polarization, Migration and Intercellular Adhesion
title_full_unstemmed ERM Proteins at the Crossroad of Leukocyte Polarization, Migration and Intercellular Adhesion
title_short ERM Proteins at the Crossroad of Leukocyte Polarization, Migration and Intercellular Adhesion
title_sort erm proteins at the crossroad of leukocyte polarization, migration and intercellular adhesion
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7073024/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32098334
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21041502
work_keys_str_mv AT garciaortizalmudena ermproteinsatthecrossroadofleukocytepolarizationmigrationandintercellularadhesion
AT serradorjuanmanuel ermproteinsatthecrossroadofleukocytepolarizationmigrationandintercellularadhesion