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Inguinal Ring RNA Sequencing Reveals Downregulation of Muscular Genes Related to Scrotal Hernia in Pigs
Scrotal hernias (SH) are common congenital defects in commercial pigs, characterized by the presence of abdominal contents in the scrotal sac, leading to considerable production and animal welfare losses. Since the etiology of SH remains obscure, we aimed to identify the biological and genetic mecha...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7073996/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31973088 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes11020117 |
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author | Romano, Gabrieli de Souza Ibelli, Adriana Mercia Guaratini Lorenzetti, William Raphael Weber, Tomás Peixoto, Jane de Oliveira Cantão, Mauricio Egídio Mores, Marcos Antônio Zanella Morés, Nelson Pedrosa, Victor Breno Coutinho, Luiz Lehmann Ledur, Mônica Corrêa |
author_facet | Romano, Gabrieli de Souza Ibelli, Adriana Mercia Guaratini Lorenzetti, William Raphael Weber, Tomás Peixoto, Jane de Oliveira Cantão, Mauricio Egídio Mores, Marcos Antônio Zanella Morés, Nelson Pedrosa, Victor Breno Coutinho, Luiz Lehmann Ledur, Mônica Corrêa |
author_sort | Romano, Gabrieli de Souza |
collection | PubMed |
description | Scrotal hernias (SH) are common congenital defects in commercial pigs, characterized by the presence of abdominal contents in the scrotal sac, leading to considerable production and animal welfare losses. Since the etiology of SH remains obscure, we aimed to identify the biological and genetic mechanisms involved in its occurrence through the whole transcriptome analysis of SH affected and unaffected pigs’ inguinal rings. From the 22,452 genes annotated in the pig reference genome, 13,498 were expressed in the inguinal canal tissue. Of those, 703 genes were differentially expressed (DE, FDR < 0.05) between the two groups analyzed being, respectively, 209 genes upregulated and 494 downregulated in the SH-affected group. Thirty-seven significantly overrepresented GO terms related to SH were enriched, and the most relevant biological processes were muscular system, cell differentiation, sarcome reorganization, and myofibril assembly. The calcium signaling, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, dilated cardiomyopathy, and cardiac muscle contraction were the major pathways possibly involved in the occurrence of the scrotal hernias. The expression profile of the DE genes was associated with the reduction of smooth muscle differentiation, followed by low calcium content in the cell, which could lead to a decreased apoptosis ratio and diminished muscle contraction of the inguinal canal region. We have demonstrated that genes involved with musculature are closely linked to the physiological imbalance predisposing to scrotal hernia. According to our study, the genes MYBPC1, BOK, SLC25A4, SLC8A3, DES, TPM2, MAP1CL3C, and FGF1 were considered strong candidates for future evaluation. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7073996 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-70739962020-03-19 Inguinal Ring RNA Sequencing Reveals Downregulation of Muscular Genes Related to Scrotal Hernia in Pigs Romano, Gabrieli de Souza Ibelli, Adriana Mercia Guaratini Lorenzetti, William Raphael Weber, Tomás Peixoto, Jane de Oliveira Cantão, Mauricio Egídio Mores, Marcos Antônio Zanella Morés, Nelson Pedrosa, Victor Breno Coutinho, Luiz Lehmann Ledur, Mônica Corrêa Genes (Basel) Article Scrotal hernias (SH) are common congenital defects in commercial pigs, characterized by the presence of abdominal contents in the scrotal sac, leading to considerable production and animal welfare losses. Since the etiology of SH remains obscure, we aimed to identify the biological and genetic mechanisms involved in its occurrence through the whole transcriptome analysis of SH affected and unaffected pigs’ inguinal rings. From the 22,452 genes annotated in the pig reference genome, 13,498 were expressed in the inguinal canal tissue. Of those, 703 genes were differentially expressed (DE, FDR < 0.05) between the two groups analyzed being, respectively, 209 genes upregulated and 494 downregulated in the SH-affected group. Thirty-seven significantly overrepresented GO terms related to SH were enriched, and the most relevant biological processes were muscular system, cell differentiation, sarcome reorganization, and myofibril assembly. The calcium signaling, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, dilated cardiomyopathy, and cardiac muscle contraction were the major pathways possibly involved in the occurrence of the scrotal hernias. The expression profile of the DE genes was associated with the reduction of smooth muscle differentiation, followed by low calcium content in the cell, which could lead to a decreased apoptosis ratio and diminished muscle contraction of the inguinal canal region. We have demonstrated that genes involved with musculature are closely linked to the physiological imbalance predisposing to scrotal hernia. According to our study, the genes MYBPC1, BOK, SLC25A4, SLC8A3, DES, TPM2, MAP1CL3C, and FGF1 were considered strong candidates for future evaluation. MDPI 2020-01-21 /pmc/articles/PMC7073996/ /pubmed/31973088 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes11020117 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Romano, Gabrieli de Souza Ibelli, Adriana Mercia Guaratini Lorenzetti, William Raphael Weber, Tomás Peixoto, Jane de Oliveira Cantão, Mauricio Egídio Mores, Marcos Antônio Zanella Morés, Nelson Pedrosa, Victor Breno Coutinho, Luiz Lehmann Ledur, Mônica Corrêa Inguinal Ring RNA Sequencing Reveals Downregulation of Muscular Genes Related to Scrotal Hernia in Pigs |
title | Inguinal Ring RNA Sequencing Reveals Downregulation of Muscular Genes Related to Scrotal Hernia in Pigs |
title_full | Inguinal Ring RNA Sequencing Reveals Downregulation of Muscular Genes Related to Scrotal Hernia in Pigs |
title_fullStr | Inguinal Ring RNA Sequencing Reveals Downregulation of Muscular Genes Related to Scrotal Hernia in Pigs |
title_full_unstemmed | Inguinal Ring RNA Sequencing Reveals Downregulation of Muscular Genes Related to Scrotal Hernia in Pigs |
title_short | Inguinal Ring RNA Sequencing Reveals Downregulation of Muscular Genes Related to Scrotal Hernia in Pigs |
title_sort | inguinal ring rna sequencing reveals downregulation of muscular genes related to scrotal hernia in pigs |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7073996/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31973088 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes11020117 |
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