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CPAP Effect on Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing Performance in Patients with Moderate-Severe OSA and Cardiometabolic Comorbidities

Background and Objectives: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with daytime somnolence, cognitive impairment and high cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Obesity, associated cardiovascular comorbidities, accelerated erythropoiesis and muscular mitochondrial energetic dysfunctions negativ...

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Autores principales: Zota, Ioana Mădălina, Stătescu, Cristian, Sascău, Radu Andy, Roca, Mihai, Gavril, Radu Sebastian, Vasilcu, Teodor Flaviu, Boișteanu, Daniela, Maștaleru, Alexandra, Jitaru, Alexandra, Leon Constantin, Maria Magdalena, Mitu, Florin
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7074283/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32075328
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina56020080
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author Zota, Ioana Mădălina
Stătescu, Cristian
Sascău, Radu Andy
Roca, Mihai
Gavril, Radu Sebastian
Vasilcu, Teodor Flaviu
Boișteanu, Daniela
Maștaleru, Alexandra
Jitaru, Alexandra
Leon Constantin, Maria Magdalena
Mitu, Florin
author_facet Zota, Ioana Mădălina
Stătescu, Cristian
Sascău, Radu Andy
Roca, Mihai
Gavril, Radu Sebastian
Vasilcu, Teodor Flaviu
Boișteanu, Daniela
Maștaleru, Alexandra
Jitaru, Alexandra
Leon Constantin, Maria Magdalena
Mitu, Florin
author_sort Zota, Ioana Mădălina
collection PubMed
description Background and Objectives: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with daytime somnolence, cognitive impairment and high cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Obesity, associated cardiovascular comorbidities, accelerated erythropoiesis and muscular mitochondrial energetic dysfunctions negatively influence exercise tolerance in moderate-severe OSA patients. The cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) offers an integrated assessment of the individual’s aerobic capacity and helps distinguish the main causes of exercise limitation. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the aerobic capacity of OSA patients, before and after short-term continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). Materials and Methods: Our prospective study included 64 patients with newly diagnosed moderate-severe OSA (apnea hypopnea index (AHI) 39.96 ± 19.04 events/h) who underwent CPET before and after CPAP. Thirteen patients were unable to tolerate CPAP or were lost during follow-up. Results: 49.29% of our patients exhibited a moderate or severe decrease in functional capacity (Weber C or D). CPET performance was influenced by gender but not by apnea severity. Eight weeks of CPAP induced significant improvements in maximal exercise load (Δ = 14.23 W, p = 0.0004), maximum oxygen uptake (Δ = 203.87 mL/min, p = 0.004), anaerobic threshold (Δ = 316.4 mL/min, p = 0.001), minute ventilation (Δ = 5.1 L/min, p = 0.01) and peak oxygen pulse (Δ = 2.46, p = 0.007) as well as a decrease in basal metabolic rate (BMR) (Δ = −8.3 kCal/24 h, p = 0.04) and average Epworth score (Δ = −4.58 points, p < 0.000001). Conclusions: Patients with moderate-severe OSA have mediocre functional capacity. Apnea severity (AHI) was correlated with basal metabolic rate, resting heart rate and percent predicted maximum effort but not with anaerobic threshold or maximum oxygen uptake. Although CPET performance was similar in the two apnea severity subgroups, short-term CPAP therapy significantly improved most CPET parameters, suggesting that OSA per se has a negative influence on effort capacity.
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spelling pubmed-70742832020-03-19 CPAP Effect on Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing Performance in Patients with Moderate-Severe OSA and Cardiometabolic Comorbidities Zota, Ioana Mădălina Stătescu, Cristian Sascău, Radu Andy Roca, Mihai Gavril, Radu Sebastian Vasilcu, Teodor Flaviu Boișteanu, Daniela Maștaleru, Alexandra Jitaru, Alexandra Leon Constantin, Maria Magdalena Mitu, Florin Medicina (Kaunas) Article Background and Objectives: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with daytime somnolence, cognitive impairment and high cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Obesity, associated cardiovascular comorbidities, accelerated erythropoiesis and muscular mitochondrial energetic dysfunctions negatively influence exercise tolerance in moderate-severe OSA patients. The cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) offers an integrated assessment of the individual’s aerobic capacity and helps distinguish the main causes of exercise limitation. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the aerobic capacity of OSA patients, before and after short-term continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). Materials and Methods: Our prospective study included 64 patients with newly diagnosed moderate-severe OSA (apnea hypopnea index (AHI) 39.96 ± 19.04 events/h) who underwent CPET before and after CPAP. Thirteen patients were unable to tolerate CPAP or were lost during follow-up. Results: 49.29% of our patients exhibited a moderate or severe decrease in functional capacity (Weber C or D). CPET performance was influenced by gender but not by apnea severity. Eight weeks of CPAP induced significant improvements in maximal exercise load (Δ = 14.23 W, p = 0.0004), maximum oxygen uptake (Δ = 203.87 mL/min, p = 0.004), anaerobic threshold (Δ = 316.4 mL/min, p = 0.001), minute ventilation (Δ = 5.1 L/min, p = 0.01) and peak oxygen pulse (Δ = 2.46, p = 0.007) as well as a decrease in basal metabolic rate (BMR) (Δ = −8.3 kCal/24 h, p = 0.04) and average Epworth score (Δ = −4.58 points, p < 0.000001). Conclusions: Patients with moderate-severe OSA have mediocre functional capacity. Apnea severity (AHI) was correlated with basal metabolic rate, resting heart rate and percent predicted maximum effort but not with anaerobic threshold or maximum oxygen uptake. Although CPET performance was similar in the two apnea severity subgroups, short-term CPAP therapy significantly improved most CPET parameters, suggesting that OSA per se has a negative influence on effort capacity. MDPI 2020-02-15 /pmc/articles/PMC7074283/ /pubmed/32075328 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina56020080 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Zota, Ioana Mădălina
Stătescu, Cristian
Sascău, Radu Andy
Roca, Mihai
Gavril, Radu Sebastian
Vasilcu, Teodor Flaviu
Boișteanu, Daniela
Maștaleru, Alexandra
Jitaru, Alexandra
Leon Constantin, Maria Magdalena
Mitu, Florin
CPAP Effect on Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing Performance in Patients with Moderate-Severe OSA and Cardiometabolic Comorbidities
title CPAP Effect on Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing Performance in Patients with Moderate-Severe OSA and Cardiometabolic Comorbidities
title_full CPAP Effect on Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing Performance in Patients with Moderate-Severe OSA and Cardiometabolic Comorbidities
title_fullStr CPAP Effect on Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing Performance in Patients with Moderate-Severe OSA and Cardiometabolic Comorbidities
title_full_unstemmed CPAP Effect on Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing Performance in Patients with Moderate-Severe OSA and Cardiometabolic Comorbidities
title_short CPAP Effect on Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing Performance in Patients with Moderate-Severe OSA and Cardiometabolic Comorbidities
title_sort cpap effect on cardiopulmonary exercise testing performance in patients with moderate-severe osa and cardiometabolic comorbidities
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7074283/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32075328
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina56020080
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