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Environmental Factors That Contribute to the Maintenance of Cryptococcus neoformans Pathogenesis

The ability of microorganisms to colonise and display an intracellular lifestyle within a host body increases their fitness to survive and avoid extinction. This host–pathogen association drives microbial evolution, as such organisms are under selective pressure and can become more pathogenic. Some...

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Autores principales: Maliehe, Maphori, Ntoi, Mathope A., Lahiri, Shayanki, Folorunso, Olufemi S., Ogundeji, Adepemi O., Pohl, Carolina H., Sebolai, Olihile M.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7074686/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32012843
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8020180
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author Maliehe, Maphori
Ntoi, Mathope A.
Lahiri, Shayanki
Folorunso, Olufemi S.
Ogundeji, Adepemi O.
Pohl, Carolina H.
Sebolai, Olihile M.
author_facet Maliehe, Maphori
Ntoi, Mathope A.
Lahiri, Shayanki
Folorunso, Olufemi S.
Ogundeji, Adepemi O.
Pohl, Carolina H.
Sebolai, Olihile M.
author_sort Maliehe, Maphori
collection PubMed
description The ability of microorganisms to colonise and display an intracellular lifestyle within a host body increases their fitness to survive and avoid extinction. This host–pathogen association drives microbial evolution, as such organisms are under selective pressure and can become more pathogenic. Some of these microorganisms can quickly spread through the environment via transmission. The non-transmittable fungal pathogens, such as Cryptococcus, probably return into the environment upon decomposition of the infected host. This review analyses whether re-entry of the pathogen into the environment causes restoration of its non-pathogenic state or whether environmental factors and parameters assist them in maintaining pathogenesis. Cryptococcus (C.) neoformans is therefore used as a model organism to evaluate the impact of environmental stress factors that aid the survival and pathogenesis of C. neoformans intracellularly and extracellularly.
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spelling pubmed-70746862020-03-20 Environmental Factors That Contribute to the Maintenance of Cryptococcus neoformans Pathogenesis Maliehe, Maphori Ntoi, Mathope A. Lahiri, Shayanki Folorunso, Olufemi S. Ogundeji, Adepemi O. Pohl, Carolina H. Sebolai, Olihile M. Microorganisms Review The ability of microorganisms to colonise and display an intracellular lifestyle within a host body increases their fitness to survive and avoid extinction. This host–pathogen association drives microbial evolution, as such organisms are under selective pressure and can become more pathogenic. Some of these microorganisms can quickly spread through the environment via transmission. The non-transmittable fungal pathogens, such as Cryptococcus, probably return into the environment upon decomposition of the infected host. This review analyses whether re-entry of the pathogen into the environment causes restoration of its non-pathogenic state or whether environmental factors and parameters assist them in maintaining pathogenesis. Cryptococcus (C.) neoformans is therefore used as a model organism to evaluate the impact of environmental stress factors that aid the survival and pathogenesis of C. neoformans intracellularly and extracellularly. MDPI 2020-01-28 /pmc/articles/PMC7074686/ /pubmed/32012843 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8020180 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Maliehe, Maphori
Ntoi, Mathope A.
Lahiri, Shayanki
Folorunso, Olufemi S.
Ogundeji, Adepemi O.
Pohl, Carolina H.
Sebolai, Olihile M.
Environmental Factors That Contribute to the Maintenance of Cryptococcus neoformans Pathogenesis
title Environmental Factors That Contribute to the Maintenance of Cryptococcus neoformans Pathogenesis
title_full Environmental Factors That Contribute to the Maintenance of Cryptococcus neoformans Pathogenesis
title_fullStr Environmental Factors That Contribute to the Maintenance of Cryptococcus neoformans Pathogenesis
title_full_unstemmed Environmental Factors That Contribute to the Maintenance of Cryptococcus neoformans Pathogenesis
title_short Environmental Factors That Contribute to the Maintenance of Cryptococcus neoformans Pathogenesis
title_sort environmental factors that contribute to the maintenance of cryptococcus neoformans pathogenesis
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7074686/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32012843
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8020180
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