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Succession and Colonization Dynamics of Endolithic Phototrophs within Intertidal Carbonates
Photosynthetic endolithic communities are common in shallow marine carbonates, contributing significantly to their bioerosion. Cyanobacteria are well known from these settings, where a few are euendoliths, actively boring into the virgin substrate. Recently, anoxygenic phototrophs were reported as s...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7074784/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32033409 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8020214 |
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author | Roush, Daniel Garcia-Pichel, Ferran |
author_facet | Roush, Daniel Garcia-Pichel, Ferran |
author_sort | Roush, Daniel |
collection | PubMed |
description | Photosynthetic endolithic communities are common in shallow marine carbonates, contributing significantly to their bioerosion. Cyanobacteria are well known from these settings, where a few are euendoliths, actively boring into the virgin substrate. Recently, anoxygenic phototrophs were reported as significant inhabitants of endolithic communities, but it is unknown if they are euendoliths or simply colonize available pore spaces secondarily. To answer this and to establish the dynamics of colonization, nonporous travertine tiles were anchored onto intertidal beach rock in Isla de Mona, Puerto Rico, and developing endolithic communities were examined with time, both molecularly and with photopigment biomarkers. By 9 months, while cyanobacterial biomass and diversity reached levels indistinguishable from those of nearby climax communities, anoxygenic phototrophs remained marginal, suggesting that they are secondary colonizers. Early in the colonization, a novel group of cyanobacteria (unknown boring cluster, UBC) without cultivated representatives, emerged as the most common euendolith, but by 6 months, canonical euendoliths such as Plectonema (Leptolyngbya) sp., Mastigocoleus sp., and Pleurocapsalean clades displaced UBC in dominance. Later, the proportion of euendolithic cyanobacterial biomass decreased, as nonboring endoliths outcompeted pioneers within the already excavated substrate. Our findings demonstrate that endolithic cyanobacterial succession within hard carbonates is complex but can attain maturity within a year’s time. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7074784 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-70747842020-03-20 Succession and Colonization Dynamics of Endolithic Phototrophs within Intertidal Carbonates Roush, Daniel Garcia-Pichel, Ferran Microorganisms Article Photosynthetic endolithic communities are common in shallow marine carbonates, contributing significantly to their bioerosion. Cyanobacteria are well known from these settings, where a few are euendoliths, actively boring into the virgin substrate. Recently, anoxygenic phototrophs were reported as significant inhabitants of endolithic communities, but it is unknown if they are euendoliths or simply colonize available pore spaces secondarily. To answer this and to establish the dynamics of colonization, nonporous travertine tiles were anchored onto intertidal beach rock in Isla de Mona, Puerto Rico, and developing endolithic communities were examined with time, both molecularly and with photopigment biomarkers. By 9 months, while cyanobacterial biomass and diversity reached levels indistinguishable from those of nearby climax communities, anoxygenic phototrophs remained marginal, suggesting that they are secondary colonizers. Early in the colonization, a novel group of cyanobacteria (unknown boring cluster, UBC) without cultivated representatives, emerged as the most common euendolith, but by 6 months, canonical euendoliths such as Plectonema (Leptolyngbya) sp., Mastigocoleus sp., and Pleurocapsalean clades displaced UBC in dominance. Later, the proportion of euendolithic cyanobacterial biomass decreased, as nonboring endoliths outcompeted pioneers within the already excavated substrate. Our findings demonstrate that endolithic cyanobacterial succession within hard carbonates is complex but can attain maturity within a year’s time. MDPI 2020-02-05 /pmc/articles/PMC7074784/ /pubmed/32033409 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8020214 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Roush, Daniel Garcia-Pichel, Ferran Succession and Colonization Dynamics of Endolithic Phototrophs within Intertidal Carbonates |
title | Succession and Colonization Dynamics of Endolithic Phototrophs within Intertidal Carbonates |
title_full | Succession and Colonization Dynamics of Endolithic Phototrophs within Intertidal Carbonates |
title_fullStr | Succession and Colonization Dynamics of Endolithic Phototrophs within Intertidal Carbonates |
title_full_unstemmed | Succession and Colonization Dynamics of Endolithic Phototrophs within Intertidal Carbonates |
title_short | Succession and Colonization Dynamics of Endolithic Phototrophs within Intertidal Carbonates |
title_sort | succession and colonization dynamics of endolithic phototrophs within intertidal carbonates |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7074784/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32033409 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8020214 |
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