Synthesis and biological evaluation of small molecule modulators of CDK8/Cyclin C complex with phenylaminoquinoline scaffold

BACKGROUND: CDK8/CycC complex has kinase activity towards the carboxyterminal domain of RNA polymerase II, and contributes to the regulation of transcription via association with the mediator complex. Different human malignancies, mainly colorectal and gastric cancers, were produced as a result of overexpression of CDK8/CycC in the mediator complex. Therefore, CDK8/CycC complex represents as a cancer oncogene and it has become a potential target for developing CDK8/CycC modulators. METHODS: A series of nine 4-phenylaminoquinoline scaffold-based compounds 5a-i was synthesized, and biologically evaluated as potential CDK8/CycC complex inhibitors. RESULTS: The scaffold substituent effects on the intrinsic inhibitory activity toward CDK8/CycC complex are addressed trying to present a novel outlook of CDK8/CycC Complex inhibitors with 4-phenylaminoquinoline scaffold in cancer therapy. The secondary benzenesulfonamide analogues proved to be the most potent compounds in suppressing CDK8/CycC enzyme, whereas, their primary benzenesulfonamide analogues showed inferior activity. Moreover, the benzene reversed sulfonamide analogues were totally inactive. DISCUSSION: The titled scaffold showed promising inhibitory activity data and there is a crucial role of un/substituted sulfonamido group for CDK8/CycC complex inhibitory activity. Compound 5d showed submicromolar potency against CDK8/CycC (IC(50) = 0.639 µM) and it can be used for further investigations and to design another larger library of phenylaminoquinoline scaffold-based analogues in order to establish detailed SARs.