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Use of Botulinum Toxin in Orofacial Clinical Practice
Introduction: Botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) is a potent biological toxin and powerful therapeutic tool for a growing number of clinical orofacial applications. BoNT relaxes striated muscle by inhibiting acetylcholine’s release from presynaptic nerve terminals, blocking the neuromuscular junction. It a...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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MDPI
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7076767/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32053883 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins12020112 |
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author | Serrera-Figallo, Maria-Angeles Ruiz-de-León-Hernández, Gonzalo Torres-Lagares, Daniel Castro-Araya, Alejandra Torres-Ferrerosa, Omar Hernández-Pacheco, Esther Gutierrez-Perez, Jose-Luis |
author_facet | Serrera-Figallo, Maria-Angeles Ruiz-de-León-Hernández, Gonzalo Torres-Lagares, Daniel Castro-Araya, Alejandra Torres-Ferrerosa, Omar Hernández-Pacheco, Esther Gutierrez-Perez, Jose-Luis |
author_sort | Serrera-Figallo, Maria-Angeles |
collection | PubMed |
description | Introduction: Botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) is a potent biological toxin and powerful therapeutic tool for a growing number of clinical orofacial applications. BoNT relaxes striated muscle by inhibiting acetylcholine’s release from presynaptic nerve terminals, blocking the neuromuscular junction. It also has an antinociceptive effect on sensory nerve endings, where BoNT and acetylcholine are transported axonally to the central nervous system. In dentistry, controlled clinical trials have demonstrated BoNT’s efficiency in pathologies such as bruxism, facial paralysis, temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders, neuropathic pain, sialorrhea, dystonia and more. Aim: This study’s aim was to conduct a systematic literature review to assess the most recent high-level clinical evidence for BoNT’s efficacy and for various protocols (the toxin used, dilution, dosage and infiltration sites) used in several orofacial pathologies. Materials and methods: We systematically searched the MedLine database for research papers published from 2014 to 2019 with randomly allocated studies on humans. The search included the following pathologies: bruxism, dislocation of the TMJ, orofacial dystonia, myofascial pain, salivary gland disease, orofacial spasm, facial paralysis, sialorrhea, Frey syndrome and trigeminal neuralgia. Results: We found 228 articles, of which only 20 met the inclusion criteria: bruxism (four articles), orofacial dystonia (two articles), myofascial pain (one article), salivary gland disease (one article), orofacial spasm (two articles), facial paralysis (three articles), sialorrhea (four articles) or trigeminal neuralgia (three articles). Discussion: The clinical trials assessed showed variations in the dosage, application sites and musculature treated. Thus, applying BoNT can reduce symptoms related to motor muscular activity in the studied pathologies efficiently enough to satisfy patients. We did not identify the onset of any important side effects in the literature reviewed. We conclude that treatment with BoNT seems a safe and effective treatment for the reviewed pathologies. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7076767 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-70767672020-03-20 Use of Botulinum Toxin in Orofacial Clinical Practice Serrera-Figallo, Maria-Angeles Ruiz-de-León-Hernández, Gonzalo Torres-Lagares, Daniel Castro-Araya, Alejandra Torres-Ferrerosa, Omar Hernández-Pacheco, Esther Gutierrez-Perez, Jose-Luis Toxins (Basel) Review Introduction: Botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) is a potent biological toxin and powerful therapeutic tool for a growing number of clinical orofacial applications. BoNT relaxes striated muscle by inhibiting acetylcholine’s release from presynaptic nerve terminals, blocking the neuromuscular junction. It also has an antinociceptive effect on sensory nerve endings, where BoNT and acetylcholine are transported axonally to the central nervous system. In dentistry, controlled clinical trials have demonstrated BoNT’s efficiency in pathologies such as bruxism, facial paralysis, temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders, neuropathic pain, sialorrhea, dystonia and more. Aim: This study’s aim was to conduct a systematic literature review to assess the most recent high-level clinical evidence for BoNT’s efficacy and for various protocols (the toxin used, dilution, dosage and infiltration sites) used in several orofacial pathologies. Materials and methods: We systematically searched the MedLine database for research papers published from 2014 to 2019 with randomly allocated studies on humans. The search included the following pathologies: bruxism, dislocation of the TMJ, orofacial dystonia, myofascial pain, salivary gland disease, orofacial spasm, facial paralysis, sialorrhea, Frey syndrome and trigeminal neuralgia. Results: We found 228 articles, of which only 20 met the inclusion criteria: bruxism (four articles), orofacial dystonia (two articles), myofascial pain (one article), salivary gland disease (one article), orofacial spasm (two articles), facial paralysis (three articles), sialorrhea (four articles) or trigeminal neuralgia (three articles). Discussion: The clinical trials assessed showed variations in the dosage, application sites and musculature treated. Thus, applying BoNT can reduce symptoms related to motor muscular activity in the studied pathologies efficiently enough to satisfy patients. We did not identify the onset of any important side effects in the literature reviewed. We conclude that treatment with BoNT seems a safe and effective treatment for the reviewed pathologies. MDPI 2020-02-11 /pmc/articles/PMC7076767/ /pubmed/32053883 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins12020112 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Serrera-Figallo, Maria-Angeles Ruiz-de-León-Hernández, Gonzalo Torres-Lagares, Daniel Castro-Araya, Alejandra Torres-Ferrerosa, Omar Hernández-Pacheco, Esther Gutierrez-Perez, Jose-Luis Use of Botulinum Toxin in Orofacial Clinical Practice |
title | Use of Botulinum Toxin in Orofacial Clinical Practice |
title_full | Use of Botulinum Toxin in Orofacial Clinical Practice |
title_fullStr | Use of Botulinum Toxin in Orofacial Clinical Practice |
title_full_unstemmed | Use of Botulinum Toxin in Orofacial Clinical Practice |
title_short | Use of Botulinum Toxin in Orofacial Clinical Practice |
title_sort | use of botulinum toxin in orofacial clinical practice |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7076767/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32053883 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins12020112 |
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